Parent Service Package: VS05
< < VS04.3 : VS05.1 : VS05.2 > >

VS05.1: Traditional Roadside Speed Warning Implementation

Roadside sensors are used to monitor vehicle speeds and an associated dynamic message sign is used to provide speed warnings.

Relevant Regions: Australia, Canada, European Union, and United States

Enterprise
Functional
Physical
Goals and Objectives
Needs and Requirements
Sources
Security
Standards
System Requirements

Enterprise

Development Stage Roles and Relationships
(hide)

Source	Destination	Role/Relationship
ITS Roadway Equipment Developer	ITS Roadway Equipment	Develops (hide) An Enterprise creates the target Resource or Document. The Enterprise that engineers a traffic signal controller (ITS Roadway Equipment), or designs a vehicle (Basic Vehicle) or authors a technical standard will have the Develops role.
ITS Roadway Equipment Developer	Traffic Management Center Developer	Application Interface Specification (hide) The definition of an interface between two application components that operate on two distinct pieces of hardware. The Application Interface Specification is specific to the application in question.
Traffic Management Center Developer	ITS Roadway Equipment Developer	Application Interface Specification (hide) The definition of an interface between two application components that operate on two distinct pieces of hardware. The Application Interface Specification is specific to the application in question.
Traffic Management Center Developer	Traffic Management Center	Develops (hide) An Enterprise creates the target Resource or Document. The Enterprise that engineers a traffic signal controller (ITS Roadway Equipment), or designs a vehicle (Basic Vehicle) or authors a technical standard will have the Develops role.

Installation Stage Roles and Relationships
(hide)

Source	Destination	Role/Relationship
ITS Roadway Equipment Installer	ITS Roadway Equipment	Installs (hide) An Enterprise performs the initial delivery, integration and configuration of the target Resource. This might be a system integrator, a state DOT Enterprise performing its own installation, or a device supplier that performs on-site installation.
ITS Roadway Equipment Owner	ITS Roadway Equipment Installer	Installation Agreement (hide) An agreement whereupon one party installs a system on behalf of a second party.
ITS Roadway Equipment Owner	ITS Roadway Equipment Verifier	Verification Agreement (hide) An agreement for one party to verify that a system owned by the second party operates according to the system's design.
Traffic Management Center Installer	Traffic Management Center	Installs (hide) An Enterprise performs the initial delivery, integration and configuration of the target Resource. This might be a system integrator, a state DOT Enterprise performing its own installation, or a device supplier that performs on-site installation.
Traffic Management Center Owner	Traffic Management Center Installer	Installation Agreement (hide) An agreement whereupon one party installs a system on behalf of a second party.
Traffic Management Center Owner	Traffic Management Center Verifier	Verification Agreement (hide) An agreement for one party to verify that a system owned by the second party operates according to the system's design.

Operations and Maintenance Stage Roles and Relationships
(hide)

Source	Destination	Role/Relationship
Basic Vehicle Manager	Driver	System Usage Agreement (hide) An agreement granting operational use of a system to a Human with the operates role responsible for management of the system.
Basic Vehicle Owner	Driver	Application Usage Agreement (hide) An agreement in which one entity that controls an application component's use gives the other entity the necessary tools and permission to operate that application or application component.
Basic Vehicle Owner	Driver	Vehicle Operating Agreement (hide) An agreement whereupon the controller of a vehicle grants another entity permission and rights to operate the vehicle.
Basic Vehicle Owner	Vehicle Owner	Expectation of Data Provision (hide) An expectation where one party believes another party will provide data on a regular and recurring basis, and that that data will be useful to the receiver in the context of the receiver's application. This thus includes some expectation of data fields, timeliness, quality, precision and similar qualities of data.
Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment Manager	Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment Operator	System Usage Agreement (hide) An agreement granting operational use of a system to a Human with the operates role responsible for management of the system.
Driver	Roadway Owner	Expectation of Roadway Condition Management (hide) An expectation whereby one party expects the other to maintain the condition of the roadway environment to a level sufficient for the trusting partner to operate safely.
ITS Roadway Equipment Maintainer	ITS Roadway Equipment	Maintains (hide) An Enterprise administers the hardware and software that comprise the target Resource. The entity that takes the ‘maintains’ role typically is delegated authority by the entity with the “Owns” or "Manages" roles, depending on the environment. The maintainer interacts with the target Resource so as to keep that Resource in the Operational state.
ITS Roadway Equipment Manager	ITS Roadway Equipment	Manages (hide) The Enterprise that is accountable for performing actions with a Resource, typically in support of one of the key operations-related roles (operates, installs, maintains). This authority is typically delegated by the Enterprise with the "Owns" role, and commonly accomplished by delegation to Human E-Objects with the "operates", "installs" or "maintains" roles, depending on the context.
ITS Roadway Equipment Manager	Maint and Constr Field Personnel	System Usage Agreement (hide) An agreement granting operational use of a system to a Human with the operates role responsible for management of the system.
ITS Roadway Equipment Owner	Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment Operator	Application Usage Agreement (hide) An agreement in which one entity that controls an application component's use gives the other entity the necessary tools and permission to operate that application or application component.
ITS Roadway Equipment Owner	ITS Roadway Equipment Maintainer	System Maintenance Agreement (hide) An agreement for one party to maintain the operational status of a system on behalf of the party with ownership control of the system.
ITS Roadway Equipment Owner	ITS Roadway Equipment Manager	Operations Agreement (hide) An agreement where one entity agrees to operate a device or application on behalf of another, device/application controlling entity.
ITS Roadway Equipment Owner	Traffic Management Center Maintainer	Maintenance Data Exchange Agreement (hide) An agreement that states one entity will provide data related to maintenance of an application component to the other entity.
ITS Roadway Equipment Owner	Traffic Management Center Owner	Information Exchange Agreement (hide) An agreement to exchange information, which may include data or control information; the exact information to be exchanged may vary from agreement to agreement.
ITS Roadway Equipment Owner	Traffic Management Center User	Service Usage Agreement (hide) An agreement between the provider of a service and a user. Stipulates the terms and conditions of service usage.
ITS Roadway Equipment Owner	Traffic Operations Personnel	Application Usage Agreement (hide) An agreement in which one entity that controls an application component's use gives the other entity the necessary tools and permission to operate that application or application component.
ITS Roadway Equipment Supplier	ITS Roadway Equipment Owner	Warranty (hide) A guarantee or promise made by one entity to another, that provides assurance of the functionality and performance of a subsystem.
Maint and Constr Field Personnel	ITS Roadway Equipment	Operates (hide) A Human that is accountable for performing actions with a Resource, typically in support of one of the key operations-related roles (operates, installs, maintains). This is the person at the console or behind the wheel.
Roadway Maintainer	Roadway Environment	Maintains (hide) An Enterprise administers the hardware and software that comprise the target Resource. The entity that takes the ‘maintains’ role typically is delegated authority by the entity with the “Owns” or "Manages" roles, depending on the environment. The maintainer interacts with the target Resource so as to keep that Resource in the Operational state.
Roadway Manager	Roadway Environment	Manages (hide) The Enterprise that is accountable for performing actions with a Resource, typically in support of one of the key operations-related roles (operates, installs, maintains). This authority is typically delegated by the Enterprise with the "Owns" role, and commonly accomplished by delegation to Human E-Objects with the "operates", "installs" or "maintains" roles, depending on the context.
Roadway Owner	Roadway Maintainer	System Maintenance Agreement (hide) An agreement for one party to maintain the operational status of a system on behalf of the party with ownership control of the system.
Roadway Owner	Roadway Manager	Operations Agreement (hide) An agreement where one entity agrees to operate a device or application on behalf of another, device/application controlling entity.
Traffic Management Center Maintainer	Traffic Management Center	Maintains (hide) An Enterprise administers the hardware and software that comprise the target Resource. The entity that takes the ‘maintains’ role typically is delegated authority by the entity with the “Owns” or "Manages" roles, depending on the environment. The maintainer interacts with the target Resource so as to keep that Resource in the Operational state.
Traffic Management Center Manager	Traffic Management Center	Manages (hide) The Enterprise that is accountable for performing actions with a Resource, typically in support of one of the key operations-related roles (operates, installs, maintains). This authority is typically delegated by the Enterprise with the "Owns" role, and commonly accomplished by delegation to Human E-Objects with the "operates", "installs" or "maintains" roles, depending on the context.
Traffic Management Center Manager	Traffic Operations Personnel	System Usage Agreement (hide) An agreement granting operational use of a system to a Human with the operates role responsible for management of the system.
Traffic Management Center Owner	ITS Roadway Equipment Maintainer	Maintenance Data Exchange Agreement (hide) An agreement that states one entity will provide data related to maintenance of an application component to the other entity.
Traffic Management Center Owner	ITS Roadway Equipment Owner	Information Exchange Agreement (hide) An agreement to exchange information, which may include data or control information; the exact information to be exchanged may vary from agreement to agreement.
Traffic Management Center Owner	ITS Roadway Equipment User	Service Usage Agreement (hide) An agreement between the provider of a service and a user. Stipulates the terms and conditions of service usage.
Traffic Management Center Owner	Maint and Constr Field Personnel	Application Usage Agreement (hide) An agreement in which one entity that controls an application component's use gives the other entity the necessary tools and permission to operate that application or application component.
Traffic Management Center Owner	Traffic Management Center Maintainer	System Maintenance Agreement (hide) An agreement for one party to maintain the operational status of a system on behalf of the party with ownership control of the system.
Traffic Management Center Owner	Traffic Management Center Manager	Operations Agreement (hide) An agreement where one entity agrees to operate a device or application on behalf of another, device/application controlling entity.
Traffic Management Center Supplier	Traffic Management Center Owner	Warranty (hide) A guarantee or promise made by one entity to another, that provides assurance of the functionality and performance of a subsystem.
Traffic Operations Personnel	Traffic Management Center	Operates (hide) A Human that is accountable for performing actions with a Resource, typically in support of one of the key operations-related roles (operates, installs, maintains). This is the person at the console or behind the wheel.
Vehicle Manager	Driver	System Usage Agreement (hide) An agreement granting operational use of a system to a Human with the operates role responsible for management of the system.
Vehicle Owner	Basic Vehicle Owner	Expectation of Data Provision (hide) An expectation where one party believes another party will provide data on a regular and recurring basis, and that that data will be useful to the receiver in the context of the receiver's application. This thus includes some expectation of data fields, timeliness, quality, precision and similar qualities of data.
Vehicle Owner	Driver	Application Usage Agreement (hide) An agreement in which one entity that controls an application component's use gives the other entity the necessary tools and permission to operate that application or application component.
Vehicle Owner	Driver	Vehicle Operating Agreement (hide) An agreement whereupon the controller of a vehicle grants another entity permission and rights to operate the vehicle.

Functional

This service package includes the following Functional View PSpecs:

Physical Object	Functional Object	PSpec Number	PSpec Name
ITS Roadway Equipment	Roadway Environmental Monitoring	1.1.1.3	Process Environmental Sensor Data
		1.2.7.1.1	Process Indicator Output Data for Roads
		1.2.7.1.4	Process Signal Control Conflict Monitoring
		1.2.7.2.1	Monitor Roadside Equipment Operation
		1.2.7.2.4	Provide Device Interface to Other Roadway Devices
		1.2.7.2.5	Process Roadway Information Data
		9.3.3.1	Collect Vehicle Speed
	Roadway Speed Monitoring and Warning	1.1.1.1	Process Traffic Sensor Data
		1.2.7.2.5	Process Roadway Information Data
		9.3.3.1	Collect Vehicle Speed
		9.3.3.4	Support Vehicle Speed Enforcement
Traffic Management Center	TMC Environmental Monitoring	1.1.2.5	Process Vehicle Situation Data
		1.1.2.8	Process Roadway Environmental Data
		1.1.4.1	Retrieve Traffic Data
		1.1.4.2	Provide Traffic Operations Personnel Traffic Data Interface
		1.1.4.4	Manage Traffic Archive Data
		1.1.5	Exchange Data with Other Traffic Centers
		1.2.4.3	Output In-vehicle Signage Data
		1.2.4.7	Manage Roadway Warning System
		1.2.8	Collect Traffic Field Equipment Fault Data
	TMC Speed Warning	1.1.2.5	Process Vehicle Situation Data
		1.2.4.3	Output In-vehicle Signage Data
		1.2.4.4	Output Roadway Information Data
		1.2.6.1	Maintain Traffic and Sensor Static Data
		1.2.6.2	Provide Static Data Store Output Interface
		1.2.8	Collect Traffic Field Equipment Fault Data
		9.3.3.3	Manage Vehicle Speed on Roadway

Physical

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Includes Physical Objects:

Physical Object	Class	Description
Driver	Vehicle	The 'Driver' represents the person that operates a vehicle on the roadway. Included are operators of private, transit, commercial, and emergency vehicles where the interactions are not particular to the type of vehicle (e.g., interactions supporting vehicle safety applications). The Driver originates driver requests and receives driver information that reflects the interactions which might be useful to all drivers, regardless of vehicle classification. Information and interactions which are unique to drivers of a specific vehicle type (e.g., fleet interactions with transit, commercial, or emergency vehicle drivers) are covered by separate objects.
ITS Roadway Equipment	Field	'ITS Roadway Equipment' represents the ITS equipment that is distributed on and along the roadway that monitors and controls traffic and monitors and manages the roadway. This physical object includes traffic detectors, environmental sensors, traffic signals, highway advisory radios, dynamic message signs, CCTV cameras and video image processing systems, grade crossing warning systems, and ramp metering systems. Lane management systems and barrier systems that control access to transportation infrastructure such as roadways, bridges and tunnels are also included. This object also provides environmental monitoring including sensors that measure road conditions, surface weather, and vehicle emissions. Work zone systems including work zone surveillance, traffic control, driver warning, and work crew safety systems are also included.
Roadway Environment	Field	'Roadway Environment' represents the physical condition and geometry of the road surface, markings, signs, and other objects on or near the road surface. It also represents the environmental conditions immediately surrounding the roadway. The roadway environment must be sensed and interpreted to support automated vehicle services. Surrounding conditions may include fog, ice, snow, rain, wind, etc. which will influence the way in which a vehicle can be safely operated on the roadway. The roadway environment must be monitored to enable corrective action and information dissemination regarding roadway conditions which may adversely affect travel. Infrastructure owner/operators can improve the roadway environment to improve the performance and accuracy of vehicle-based sensors that must sense and interpret this environment. Improvements could include changes in the shape, size, design, and materials used in signs, pavement markings, and other road features.
Traffic Management Center	Center	The 'Traffic Management Center' monitors and controls traffic and the road network. It represents centers that manage a broad range of transportation facilities including freeway systems, rural and suburban highway systems, and urban and suburban traffic control systems. It communicates with ITS Roadway Equipment and Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment (RSE) to monitor and manage traffic flow and monitor the condition of the roadway, surrounding environmental conditions, and field equipment status. It manages traffic and transportation resources to support allied agencies in responding to, and recovering from, incidents ranging from minor traffic incidents through major disasters.
Vehicle Characteristics	Vehicle	'Vehicle Characteristics' represents the external view of individual vehicles of any class from cars and light trucks up to large commercial vehicles and down to micromobility vehicles (MMVs). It includes vehicle physical characteristics such as height, width, length, weight, and other properties (e.g., magnetic properties, number of axles, occupants, emissions) of individual vehicles that can be sensed and measured or classified. This physical object represents the physical properties of vehicles that can be sensed by vehicle-based or infrastructure-based sensors to support vehicle automation and traffic sensor systems. The analog properties provided by this terminator represent the sensor inputs that are used to detect and assess vehicle(s) within the sensor's range to support safe AV operation and/or responsive and safe traffic management.

Includes Functional Objects:

Functional Object	Description	Physical Object
Roadway Environmental Monitoring	'Roadway Environmental Monitoring' measures environmental conditions and communicates the collected information back to a center where it can be monitored and analyzed or to other field devices to support communications to vehicles. A broad array of weather and road surface information may be collected. Weather conditions that may be measured include temperature, wind, humidity, precipitation, and visibility. Surface and sub-surface sensors can measure road surface temperature, moisture, icing, salinity, and other metrics.	ITS Roadway Equipment
Roadway Speed Monitoring and Warning	'Roadway Speed Monitoring and Warning' includes the field elements that monitor vehicle speeds. If the speed is determined to be excessive, an advisory or warning is displayed. Current environmental conditions and other factors that may reduce safe operating speeds may also be taken into account. The operational status (state of the device, configuration, and fault data) is provided to the center. This application can also provide an enforcement function, reporting speed violations to an enforcement agency.	ITS Roadway Equipment
TMC Environmental Monitoring	'TMC Environmental Monitoring' assimilates current and forecast road conditions and surface weather information using a combination of weather service provider information, information collected by other centers such as the Maintenance and Construction Management Center, data collected from environmental sensors deployed on and about the roadway, and information collected from connected vehicles. The collected environmental information is monitored and presented to the operator. This information can be used to issue general traveler advisories and support location specific warnings to drivers.	Traffic Management Center
TMC Speed Warning	'TMC Speed Warning' supports remote control and monitoring of reduced speed zone warning roadside equipment. It provides the location and extent of the reduced speed zone, the posted speed limit(s) with information about the applicability of the speed limit(s) (e.g., time of day, day of week, seasonality, relevant vehicle types) and information about associated road configuration changes including lane merges and shifts. It monitors field equipment operation and reports current status to the operator.	Traffic Management Center

Includes Information Flows:

Information Flow	Description
driver information	Regulatory, warning, guidance, and other information provided to the driver to support safe and efficient vehicle operation.
environmental conditions	Current road conditions (e.g., surface temperature, subsurface temperature, moisture, icing, treatment status) and surface weather conditions (e.g., air temperature, wind speed, precipitation, visibility) that are measured by environmental sensors.
environmental sensor control	Data used to configure and control environmental sensors.
environmental sensor data	Current road conditions (e.g., surface temperature, subsurface temperature, moisture, icing, treatment status) and surface weather conditions (e.g., air temperature, wind speed, precipitation, visibility) as measured and reported by fixed and/or mobile environmental sensors. Operational status of the sensors is also included.
speed monitoring control	Information used to configure and control automated speed monitoring, speed warning, and speed enforcement systems.
speed monitoring information	System status including current operational state and logged information including measured speeds, warning messages displayed, and violation records.
vehicle characteristics	The physical or visible characteristics of individual vehicles that can be used to detect, classify, and monitor vehicles and imaged to uniquely identify vehicles and characterize their performance (e.g., speed, occupants, emissions).

Goals and Objectives

Associated Planning Factors and Goals

Planning Factor	Goal
A. Support the economic vitality of the metropolitan area, especially by enabling global competitiveness, productivity, and efficiency;	Improve freight network
B. Increase the safety of the transportation system for motorized and nonmotorized users;	Reduce fatalities and injuries
D. Increase the accessibility and mobility of people and for freight;	Reduce congestion
E. Protect and enhance the environment, promote energy conservation, improve the quality of life, and promote consistency between transportation improvements and State and local planned growth and economic development patterns;	Protect/Enhance the Environment
G. Promote efficient system management and operation;	Improve efficiency
I. Improve the resiliency and reliability of the transportation system and reduce or mitigate stormwater impacts of surface transportation;	Improve resiliency and reliability

Associated Objective Categories

Objective Category
Emergency/Incident Management: Person Hours of Delay
Freeway Management: Efficiency
Freeway Management: Reliability
Safety: Vehicle Crashes and Fatalities
System Efficiency: Cost of Congestion
System Efficiency: Delay
System Efficiency: Energy Consumption
System Efficiency: Intensity of Congestion (Travel Time Index)
System Reliability: Non-Recurring Delay
System Reliability: Travel Time 90th/95th Percentile
System Reliability: Travel Time Buffer Index
System Reliability: Variability

Associated Objectives and Performance Measures

Objective	Performance Measure
Decrease the average buffer index for (multiple routes or trips) by X percent over Y years.	The buffer index represents the extra time (buffer) most travelers add to their average travel time when planning trips. This is the extra time between the average travel time and near-worst case travel time (95th percentile). The buffer index is stated as a percentage of the average travel time. Average buffer index or buffer time can be calculated using miles traveled as a weighting factor. Buffer time = 95th percentile travel time (min) – average travel time (min).
Decrease the buffer index for (specific travel routes) by X percent over the next Y years.	The buffer index represents the extra time (buffer) most travelers add to their average travel time when planning trips. This is the extra time between the average travel time and near-worst case travel time (95th percentile). The buffer index is stated as a percentage of the average travel time. Average buffer index or buffer time can be calculated using miles traveled as a weighting factor. Buffer time = 95th percentile travel time (min) – average travel time (min).
Reduce buffer index on the freeway system during peak and off-peak periods by X percent in Y years.	The buffer index (represents the extra time (buffer) travelers add to their average travel time when planning trips in order to arrive on-time 95 percent of the time).
Reduce crashes due to driver errors and limitations	Number of crashes and fatalities related to driver inattention and distraction
Reduce crashes due to driver errors and limitations	Number of crashes and fatalities related to driving while intoxicated
Reduce crashes due to road weather conditions	Number of crashes and fatalities related to weather conditions
Reduce crashes due to unexpected congestion	Number of crashes and fatalities related to unexpected congestion
Reduce crashes due to unsafe drivers, vehicles and cargo on the transportation system	Number of crashes and fatalities due to commercial vehicle safety violations
Reduce delay associated with incidents on the freeway system by X percent by year Y.	Hours of delay associated with incidents.
Reduce hours of delay per capita by X percent by year Y.	Hours of delay (person-hours).
Reduce hours of delay per capita by X percent by year Y.	Hours of delay per capita.
Reduce hours of delay per driver by X percent by year Y.	Hours of delay (person-hours).
Reduce hours of delay per driver by X percent by year Y.	Hours of delay per driver.
Reduce secondary crashes	Number of secondary crashes
Reduce the 90th (or 95th) percentile travel times for each route selected by X percent over Y years.	95th or 90th percentile travel times for selected routes.
Reduce the annual monetary cost of congestion per capita for the next X years.	Cost (in dollars) of congestion or delay per capita.
Reduce the average buffer time needed to arrive on-time for 95 percent of trips on (specified routes) by X minutes over Y years.	The buffer index represents the extra time (buffer) most travelers add to their average travel time when planning trips. This is the extra time between the average travel time and near-worst case travel time (95th percentile). The buffer index is stated as a percentage of the average travel time. Average buffer index or buffer time can be calculated using miles traveled as a weighting factor. Buffer time = 95th percentile travel time (min) – average travel time (min).
Reduce the average of the 90th (or 95th) percentile travel times for (a group of specific travel routes or trips in the region) by X minutes in Y years.	95th or 90th percentile travel times for selected routes.
Reduce the number of motorcyclist fatalities by X percent by year Y.	Number of motorcyclist fatalities
Reduce the number of person hours (or vehicle hours) of delay experienced by travelers on the freeway system.	Hours of delay (vehicle-hours or person-hours).
Reduce the number of person hours (or vehicle hours) of delay experienced by travelers on the freeway system.	Hours of delay per capita or driver.
Reduce the number of speeding-related fatalities by X percent by year Y.	Number of speeding-related fatalities
Reduce the person hours (or vehicle hours) of total delay associated with traffic incidents by X percent over Y years.	Person hours (or vehicle hours) of delay associated with traffic incidents.
Reduce the rate fatalities in the region by X percent by year Y.	Rate of fatalities (rate per vehicle miles travelled (VMT))
Reduce the rate of severe injuries in the region by X percent by year Y.	Rate of serious injuries (rate per VMT)
Reduce the regional average travel time index by X percent per year.	Travel time index (the average travel time during the peak period, using congested speeds, divided by the off-peak period travel time, using posted or free-flow speeds).
Reduce the share of freeway miles at Level of Service (LOS) X by Y by year Z.	Miles at LOS X or V/C > 1.0 (or other threshold).
Reduce the total number of crashes in the region by X percent by year Y.	Total crashes per X VMT.
Reduce the total number of crashes involving bicyclists and pedestrians in the region by X percent by year Y.	Total crashes involving bicycles.
Reduce the total number of crashes involving bicyclists and pedestrians in the region by X percent by year Y.	Total crashes involving pedestrians.
Reduce the total number of fatalities and severe injuries in the region by X percent by year Y.	Total fatalities per X VMT.
Reduce the total number of fatalities and severe injuries in the region by X percent by year Y.	Total severe injuries per X VMT.
Reduce the total number of fatalities in the region by X percent by year Y.	Number of fatalities
Reduce the total number of severe injuries in the region by X percent by year Y.	Number of serious injuries
Reduce the variability of travel time on specified routes by X percent during peak and off-peak periods by year Y.	Variance of travel time. Variance is the sum of the squared deviations from the mean. This can also be calculated as the standard deviation of travel time. Standard deviation is the square root of variance.
Reduce total energy consumption per capita for transportation by X percent by year Y.	Total energy consumed per capita for transportation.
Reduce total fuel consumption per capita for transportation by X percent by year Y.	Total fuel consumed per capita for transportation.
Reduce total person hours of delay (or travel-time delay per capita) by time period (peak, off-peak) caused by all transient events such as traffic incidents, special events, and work zones.	Total person hours of delay during scheduled and/or unscheduled disruptions to travel.
Reduce total person hours of delay (or travel-time delay per capita) by time period (peak, off-peak) caused by unscheduled disruptions to travel.	Total person hours of delay during scheduled and/or unscheduled disruptions to travel.

Since the mapping between objectives and service packages is not always straight-forward and often situation-dependent, these mappings should only be used as a starting point. Users should do their own analysis to identify the best service packages for their region.

Needs and Requirements

Need		Functional Object	Requirement
01	Traffic Operations needs to be able to determine if, based on the current environmental conditions, a vehicle is moving at a speed that would indicate an increased risk of not safely negotiating the curve.	Roadway Environmental Monitoring	04	The field element's environmental sensors shall be remotely controlled by a traffic management center.
		Roadway Environmental Monitoring	12	The field equipment shall provide environmental sensor data to the Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment.
		Roadway Speed Monitoring and Warning	01	The field element shall include sensors to detect vehicle speeds, under traffic or maintenance center control.
		Roadway Speed Monitoring and Warning	04	The field element shall base speed advisories to passing drivers on environmental conditions.
		TMC Environmental Monitoring	01	The traffic center shall remotely control environmental sensors that measure road surface conditions including temperature, moisture, icing, salinity, and other measures.
		TMC Environmental Monitoring	02	The traffic center shall remotely control environmental sensors that measure weather conditions including temperature, wind, humidity, precipitation, and visibility.
		TMC Speed Warning	03	The center shall monitor reduced speed zone warning field equipment.
02	Traffic Operations needs to be able to provide a warning, along with a recommended speed, to a vehicle that is moving at excessive speed around a curve.	TMC Speed Warning	04	The center shall control reduced speed zone warning roadside equipment, providing the location and extent of the reduced speed zone, the posted speed limit(s) with information about the applicability of the speed limit(s) (e.g., time of day, day of week, seasonality, relevant vehicle types) and information about associated road configuration changes including lane merges and shifts.

Related Sources

Document Name	Version	Publication Date
None

Security

In order to participate in this service package, each physical object should meet or exceed the following security levels.

Physical Object Security
Physical Object	Confidentiality	Integrity	Availability	Security Class
ITS Roadway Equipment	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate	Class 2
Roadway Environment	Not Applicable	Low	Low	Class 1
Traffic Management Center	Moderate	High	Moderate	Class 3
Vehicle Characteristics

In order to participate in this service package, each information flow triple should meet or exceed the following security levels.

Information Flow Security
Source	Destination	Information Flow	Confidentiality	Integrity	Availability
Source	Destination	Information Flow	Basis	Basis	Basis
ITS Roadway Equipment	Driver	driver information	Not Applicable	High	Moderate
ITS Roadway Equipment	Driver	driver information	This data is sent to all drivers and is also directly observable, by design.	This is the primary signal trusted by the driver to decide whether to go through the intersection and what speed to go through the intersection at; if it’s wrong, accidents could happen.	If the lights are out you have to get a policeman to direct traffic – expensive and inefficient and may cause a cascading effect due to lack of coordination with other intersections.
ITS Roadway Equipment	Traffic Management Center	environmental sensor data	Low	Moderate	Moderate
ITS Roadway Equipment	Traffic Management Center	environmental sensor data	Little to no impact if this data is observed	info should be correct to determine safe speeds etc.; DISC: WYO believes this to be HIGH	Updates are desireable but slightly outdated information will not be catastrophic.
ITS Roadway Equipment	Traffic Management Center	speed monitoring information	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate
ITS Roadway Equipment	Traffic Management Center	speed monitoring information	Device status information should be concealed, as an unauthorized observer could use this to reverse engineer device control systems.	info that should not be tampered with, especially violation records and operational state but the rest is aggregate info	want updates but outdated information will not be catastrophic; would want to know about the speeds, warnings, etc. to be able to reconfigure speed warning info as necessary
Roadway Environment	ITS Roadway Equipment	environmental conditions	Not Applicable	Low	Low
Roadway Environment	ITS Roadway Equipment	environmental conditions	Sensor-based information flows by definition have no confidentiality concerns.	While typically security concerns related to sensing ignored, if considered this would be LOW, as the obfuscation or failure of any given environmental sensor is likely to be overcome by the mass of data necessary to draw environmental concluisions.	While typically security concerns related to sensing ignored, if considered this would be LOW, as the obfuscation or failure of any given environmental sensor is likely to be overcome by the mass of data necessary to draw environmental concluisions.
Traffic Management Center	ITS Roadway Equipment	environmental sensor control	Moderate	Moderate	Low
Traffic Management Center	ITS Roadway Equipment	environmental sensor control	Control flows, even for seemingly innocent devices, should be kept confidential to minimize attack vectors. While an individual installation may not be particularly impacted by a cyberattack of its sensor network, another installation might be severely impacted, and different installations are likely to use similar methods, so compromising one leads to compromising all. DISC: THEA, WYO believe this to be LOW: encrypted, authenticated, proprietary; but should not cause severe damage if seen	Should be accurate and not be tampered with; could enable outside control of traffic sensors but should not cause severe harm, but could cause issues with environmental sensor data received and be detrimental to operations; DISC: WYO believes this may be HIGH for some applications	Control flow availability is related to the criticality of being able to remotely control the device. For most devices, this is MODERATE. For purely passive devices with no incident relationship, this will be LOW. All devices should have default modes that enable them to operate without backhaul connectivity, so no device warrants a HIGH. From THEAwant updates but delayed information will not be severe; should be able to operate from a previous/default control/config; DISC: WYO believes this to be MODERATE
Traffic Management Center	ITS Roadway Equipment	speed monitoring control	Moderate	High	Moderate
Traffic Management Center	ITS Roadway Equipment	speed monitoring control	Control flows, even for seemingly innocent devices, should be kept confidential to minimize attack vectors. While an individual installation may not be particularly impacted by a cyberattack of its sensor network, another installation might be severely impacted, and different installations are likely to use similar methods, so compromising one leads to compromising all. From THEA: encrypted, authenticated, proprietary but shouldn’t cause substantial risk but does control speed enforcement systems	Control flows, even for seemingly innocent devices, should have MODERATE integrity at minimum, just to guarantee that intended control messages are received. Incorrect, corrupted, intercepted and modified control messages can or will result in target field devices not behaving according to operator intent. The severity of this depends on the type of device, which is why some devices are set MODERATE and some HIGH. From THEA: proprietary info that should not be tampered with; could directly affect safety if compromised posting unsafe speed limits, etc.	Control flow availability is related to the criticality of being able to remotely control the device. For most devices, this is MODERATE. For purely passive devices with no incident relationship, this will be LOW. All devices should have default modes that enable them to operate without backhaul connectivity, so no device warrants a HIGH. From THEA: want updates but outdated information will not be catastrophic; should be able to use previous/default config
Vehicle Characteristics	ITS Roadway Equipment	vehicle characteristics
Vehicle Characteristics	ITS Roadway Equipment	vehicle characteristics

Standards

The following table lists the standards associated with physical objects in this service package. For standards related to interfaces, see the specific information flow triple pages. These pages can be accessed directly from the SVG diagram(s) located on the Physical tab, by clicking on each information flow line on the diagram.

Name	Title	Physical Object
ISO 24100 Probe Vehicle Data Protection	Intelligent transport systems -- Basic principles for personal data protection in probe vehicle information services	Traffic Management Center
ITE 5301 ATC ITS Cabinet	Intelligent Transportation System Standard Specification for Roadside Cabinets	ITS Roadway Equipment
NEMA TS 8 Cyber and Physical Security	Cyber and Physical Security for Intelligent Transportation Systems	ITS Roadway Equipment
NEMA TS 8 Cyber and Physical Security		Traffic Management Center
NEMA TS4 Hardware Standards for DMS	Hardware Standards for Dynamic Message Signs (DMS) With NTCIP Requirements	ITS Roadway Equipment

System Requirements

No System Requirements