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VS12: Vulnerable Road User Safety

This service package supports the sensing and warning systems used to interact with pedestrians, cyclists, wheelchair users, scooter riders, and other vulnerable road users that are on pathways that are immediately adjacent to or intersect the roadway. These systems allow automated warning or active protection for this class of users. It integrates traffic and vulnerable road user information from roadside or intersection detectors and new forms of data from wirelessly connected, traveler-carried mobile devices to request right-of-way or to inform pedestrians when to cross and how to remain aligned with the crosswalk or pathway based on real-time Signal Phase and Timing (SPaT) and MAP information. In some cases, priority will be given to non-motorized travelers, such as persons with disabilities who need additional crossing time, or in special conditions (e.g., weather) where non-motorized travelers may warrant priority or additional crossing time. This service package will enable a service call to be routed to the traffic controller from a mobile device of a registered person with disabilities after confirming the direction and orientation of the roadway that the individual is intending to cross. It also provides warnings to all road users of possible infringement of the crossing or pathway by approaching vehicles (i.e., red-light violation warning).

Relevant Regions: Australia, Canada, European Union, and United States

Enterprise

Development Stage Roles and Relationships

Installation Stage Roles and Relationships

Operations and Maintenance Stage Roles and Relationships
(hide)

Source Destination Role/Relationship
Basic Vehicle MaintainerBasic Vehicle Maintains
Basic Vehicle ManagerBasic Vehicle Manages
Basic Vehicle ManagerDriver System Usage Agreement
Basic Vehicle OwnerBasic Vehicle Maintainer System Maintenance Agreement
Basic Vehicle OwnerBasic Vehicle Manager Operations Agreement
Basic Vehicle OwnerDriver Application Usage Agreement
Basic Vehicle OwnerDriver Vehicle Operating Agreement
Basic Vehicle OwnerVehicle Maintainer Maintenance Data Exchange Agreement
Basic Vehicle OwnerVehicle Owner Expectation of Data Provision
Basic Vehicle OwnerVehicle User Service Usage Agreement
Basic Vehicle SupplierBasic Vehicle Owner Warranty
Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment MaintainerConnected Vehicle Roadside Equipment Maintains
Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment ManagerConnected Vehicle Roadside Equipment Manages
Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment ManagerConnected Vehicle Roadside Equipment Operator System Usage Agreement
Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment OperatorConnected Vehicle Roadside Equipment Operates
Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment OwnerConnected Vehicle Roadside Equipment Maintainer System Maintenance Agreement
Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment OwnerConnected Vehicle Roadside Equipment Manager Operations Agreement
Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment OwnerDriver Application Usage Agreement
Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment OwnerITS Roadway Equipment Maintainer Maintenance Data Exchange Agreement
Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment OwnerITS Roadway Equipment Owner Information Exchange and Action Agreement
Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment OwnerITS Roadway Equipment User Service Usage Agreement
Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment OwnerMaint and Constr Field Personnel Application Usage Agreement
Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment OwnerMicromobility Vehicle OBE Maintainer Maintenance Data Exchange Agreement
Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment OwnerMicromobility Vehicle OBE Owner Expectation of Information Provision
Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment OwnerMicromobility Vehicle OBE User Service Usage Agreement
Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment OwnerMMV User Application Usage Agreement
Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment OwnerPedestrian Application Usage Agreement
Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment OwnerPersonal Information Device Maintainer Maintenance Data Exchange Agreement
Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment OwnerPersonal Information Device Owner Expectation of Information Provision
Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment OwnerPersonal Information Device User Service Usage Agreement
Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment OwnerTraffic Management Center Maintainer Maintenance Data Exchange Agreement
Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment OwnerTraffic Management Center Owner Information Exchange Agreement
Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment OwnerTraffic Management Center User Service Usage Agreement
Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment OwnerTraffic Operations Personnel Application Usage Agreement
Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment OwnerVehicle Maintainer Maintenance Data Exchange Agreement
Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment OwnerVehicle Owner Expectation of Information Provision
Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment OwnerVehicle User Service Usage Agreement
Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment SupplierConnected Vehicle Roadside Equipment Owner Warranty
DriverBasic Vehicle Operates
DriverVehicle Operates
ITS Roadway Equipment MaintainerITS Roadway Equipment Maintains
ITS Roadway Equipment ManagerITS Roadway Equipment Manages
ITS Roadway Equipment ManagerMaint and Constr Field Personnel System Usage Agreement
ITS Roadway Equipment OwnerConnected Vehicle Roadside Equipment Maintainer Maintenance Data Exchange Agreement
ITS Roadway Equipment OwnerConnected Vehicle Roadside Equipment Operator Application Usage Agreement
ITS Roadway Equipment OwnerConnected Vehicle Roadside Equipment Owner Information Exchange and Action Agreement
ITS Roadway Equipment OwnerConnected Vehicle Roadside Equipment User Service Usage Agreement
ITS Roadway Equipment OwnerITS Roadway Equipment Maintainer System Maintenance Agreement
ITS Roadway Equipment OwnerITS Roadway Equipment Manager Operations Agreement
ITS Roadway Equipment OwnerMulti-Access Edge Computing Maintainer Maintenance Data Exchange Agreement
ITS Roadway Equipment OwnerMulti-Access Edge Computing Operator Application Usage Agreement
ITS Roadway Equipment OwnerMulti-Access Edge Computing Owner Information Exchange and Action Agreement
ITS Roadway Equipment OwnerMulti-Access Edge Computing User Service Usage Agreement
ITS Roadway Equipment OwnerTraffic Management Center Maintainer Maintenance Data Exchange Agreement
ITS Roadway Equipment OwnerTraffic Management Center Owner Information Exchange Agreement
ITS Roadway Equipment OwnerTraffic Management Center User Service Usage Agreement
ITS Roadway Equipment OwnerTraffic Operations Personnel Application Usage Agreement
ITS Roadway Equipment SupplierITS Roadway Equipment Owner Warranty
Maint and Constr Field PersonnelITS Roadway Equipment Operates
Micromobility Vehicle OBE MaintainerMicromobility Vehicle OBE Maintains
Micromobility Vehicle OBE ManagerMicromobility Vehicle OBE Manages
Micromobility Vehicle OBE ManagerMMV User System Usage Agreement
Micromobility Vehicle OBE OwnerConnected Vehicle Roadside Equipment Maintainer Maintenance Data Exchange Agreement
Micromobility Vehicle OBE OwnerConnected Vehicle Roadside Equipment Operator Application Usage Agreement
Micromobility Vehicle OBE OwnerConnected Vehicle Roadside Equipment Owner Expectation of Data Provision
Micromobility Vehicle OBE OwnerConnected Vehicle Roadside Equipment User Service Usage Agreement
Micromobility Vehicle OBE OwnerDriver Application Usage Agreement
Micromobility Vehicle OBE OwnerDriver Vehicle Operating Agreement
Micromobility Vehicle OBE OwnerMicromobility Vehicle OBE Maintainer System Maintenance Agreement
Micromobility Vehicle OBE OwnerMicromobility Vehicle OBE Manager Operations Agreement
Micromobility Vehicle OBE OwnerMulti-Access Edge Computing Maintainer Maintenance Data Exchange Agreement
Micromobility Vehicle OBE OwnerMulti-Access Edge Computing Operator Application Usage Agreement
Micromobility Vehicle OBE OwnerMulti-Access Edge Computing Owner Expectation of Data Provision
Micromobility Vehicle OBE OwnerMulti-Access Edge Computing User Service Usage Agreement
Micromobility Vehicle OBE OwnerVehicle Maintainer Maintenance Data Exchange Agreement
Micromobility Vehicle OBE OwnerVehicle Owner Expectation of Data Provision
Micromobility Vehicle OBE OwnerVehicle User Service Usage Agreement
Micromobility Vehicle OBE SupplierMicromobility Vehicle OBE Owner Warranty
MMV UserMicromobility Vehicle OBE Operates
Multi-Access Edge Computing MaintainerMulti-Access Edge Computing Maintains
Multi-Access Edge Computing ManagerMulti-Access Edge Computing Manages
Multi-Access Edge Computing ManagerMulti-Access Edge Computing Operator System Usage Agreement
Multi-Access Edge Computing OperatorMulti-Access Edge Computing Operates
Multi-Access Edge Computing OwnerDriver Application Usage Agreement
Multi-Access Edge Computing OwnerITS Roadway Equipment Maintainer Maintenance Data Exchange Agreement
Multi-Access Edge Computing OwnerITS Roadway Equipment Owner Information Exchange and Action Agreement
Multi-Access Edge Computing OwnerITS Roadway Equipment User Service Usage Agreement
Multi-Access Edge Computing OwnerMaint and Constr Field Personnel Application Usage Agreement
Multi-Access Edge Computing OwnerMicromobility Vehicle OBE Maintainer Maintenance Data Exchange Agreement
Multi-Access Edge Computing OwnerMicromobility Vehicle OBE Owner Expectation of Information Provision
Multi-Access Edge Computing OwnerMicromobility Vehicle OBE User Service Usage Agreement
Multi-Access Edge Computing OwnerMMV User Application Usage Agreement
Multi-Access Edge Computing OwnerMulti-Access Edge Computing Maintainer System Maintenance Agreement
Multi-Access Edge Computing OwnerMulti-Access Edge Computing Manager Operations Agreement
Multi-Access Edge Computing OwnerPedestrian Application Usage Agreement
Multi-Access Edge Computing OwnerPersonal Information Device Maintainer Maintenance Data Exchange Agreement
Multi-Access Edge Computing OwnerPersonal Information Device Owner Expectation of Information Provision
Multi-Access Edge Computing OwnerPersonal Information Device User Service Usage Agreement
Multi-Access Edge Computing OwnerTraffic Management Center Maintainer Maintenance Data Exchange Agreement
Multi-Access Edge Computing OwnerTraffic Management Center Owner Information Exchange Agreement
Multi-Access Edge Computing OwnerTraffic Management Center User Service Usage Agreement
Multi-Access Edge Computing OwnerTraffic Operations Personnel Application Usage Agreement
Multi-Access Edge Computing OwnerVehicle Maintainer Maintenance Data Exchange Agreement
Multi-Access Edge Computing OwnerVehicle Owner Expectation of Information Provision
Multi-Access Edge Computing OwnerVehicle User Service Usage Agreement
Multi-Access Edge Computing SupplierMulti-Access Edge Computing Owner Warranty
PedestrianPersonal Information Device Operates
Personal Information Device MaintainerPersonal Information Device Maintains
Personal Information Device ManagerPedestrian System Usage Agreement
Personal Information Device ManagerPersonal Information Device Manages
Personal Information Device OwnerConnected Vehicle Roadside Equipment Maintainer Maintenance Data Exchange Agreement
Personal Information Device OwnerConnected Vehicle Roadside Equipment Operator Application Usage Agreement
Personal Information Device OwnerConnected Vehicle Roadside Equipment Owner Expectation of Data Provision
Personal Information Device OwnerConnected Vehicle Roadside Equipment User Service Usage Agreement
Personal Information Device OwnerDriver Application Usage Agreement
Personal Information Device OwnerMulti-Access Edge Computing Maintainer Maintenance Data Exchange Agreement
Personal Information Device OwnerMulti-Access Edge Computing Operator Application Usage Agreement
Personal Information Device OwnerMulti-Access Edge Computing Owner Expectation of Data Provision
Personal Information Device OwnerMulti-Access Edge Computing User Service Usage Agreement
Personal Information Device OwnerPersonal Information Device Maintainer System Maintenance Agreement
Personal Information Device OwnerPersonal Information Device Manager Operations Agreement
Personal Information Device OwnerVehicle Maintainer Maintenance Data Exchange Agreement
Personal Information Device OwnerVehicle Owner Expectation of Data Provision
Personal Information Device OwnerVehicle User Service Usage Agreement
Personal Information Device SupplierPersonal Information Device Owner Warranty
TIC OperatorTransportation Information Center Operates
Traffic Management Center MaintainerTraffic Management Center Maintains
Traffic Management Center ManagerTraffic Management Center Manages
Traffic Management Center ManagerTraffic Operations Personnel System Usage Agreement
Traffic Management Center OwnerConnected Vehicle Roadside Equipment Maintainer Maintenance Data Exchange Agreement
Traffic Management Center OwnerConnected Vehicle Roadside Equipment Operator Application Usage Agreement
Traffic Management Center OwnerConnected Vehicle Roadside Equipment Owner Information Exchange Agreement
Traffic Management Center OwnerConnected Vehicle Roadside Equipment User Service Usage Agreement
Traffic Management Center OwnerITS Roadway Equipment Maintainer Maintenance Data Exchange Agreement
Traffic Management Center OwnerITS Roadway Equipment Owner Information Exchange Agreement
Traffic Management Center OwnerITS Roadway Equipment User Service Usage Agreement
Traffic Management Center OwnerMaint and Constr Field Personnel Application Usage Agreement
Traffic Management Center OwnerMulti-Access Edge Computing Maintainer Maintenance Data Exchange Agreement
Traffic Management Center OwnerMulti-Access Edge Computing Operator Application Usage Agreement
Traffic Management Center OwnerMulti-Access Edge Computing Owner Information Exchange Agreement
Traffic Management Center OwnerMulti-Access Edge Computing User Service Usage Agreement
Traffic Management Center OwnerTIC Operator Application Usage Agreement
Traffic Management Center OwnerTraffic Management Center Maintainer System Maintenance Agreement
Traffic Management Center OwnerTraffic Management Center Manager Operations Agreement
Traffic Management Center OwnerTransportation Information Center Maintainer Maintenance Data Exchange Agreement
Traffic Management Center OwnerTransportation Information Center Owner Information Provision Agreement
Traffic Management Center OwnerTransportation Information Center User Service Usage Agreement
Traffic Management Center SupplierTraffic Management Center Owner Warranty
Traffic Operations PersonnelTraffic Management Center Operates
Transportation Information Center MaintainerTransportation Information Center Maintains
Transportation Information Center ManagerTIC Operator System Usage Agreement
Transportation Information Center ManagerTransportation Information Center Manages
Transportation Information Center OwnerDriver Application Usage Agreement
Transportation Information Center OwnerTransportation Information Center Maintainer System Maintenance Agreement
Transportation Information Center OwnerTransportation Information Center Manager Operations Agreement
Transportation Information Center OwnerVehicle Maintainer Maintenance Data Exchange Agreement
Transportation Information Center OwnerVehicle Owner Information Provision Agreement
Transportation Information Center OwnerVehicle User Service Usage Agreement
Transportation Information Center SupplierTransportation Information Center Owner Warranty
Vehicle MaintainerVehicle Maintains
Vehicle ManagerDriver System Usage Agreement
Vehicle ManagerVehicle Manages
Vehicle OwnerBasic Vehicle Maintainer Maintenance Data Exchange Agreement
Vehicle OwnerBasic Vehicle Owner Expectation of Data Provision
Vehicle OwnerBasic Vehicle User Service Usage Agreement
Vehicle OwnerConnected Vehicle Roadside Equipment Maintainer Maintenance Data Exchange Agreement
Vehicle OwnerConnected Vehicle Roadside Equipment Operator Application Usage Agreement
Vehicle OwnerConnected Vehicle Roadside Equipment Owner Expectation of Data Provision
Vehicle OwnerConnected Vehicle Roadside Equipment User Service Usage Agreement
Vehicle OwnerDriver Application Usage Agreement
Vehicle OwnerDriver Vehicle Operating Agreement
Vehicle OwnerMicromobility Vehicle OBE Maintainer Maintenance Data Exchange Agreement
Vehicle OwnerMicromobility Vehicle OBE Owner Expectation of Data Provision
Vehicle OwnerMicromobility Vehicle OBE User Service Usage Agreement
Vehicle OwnerMMV User Application Usage Agreement
Vehicle OwnerMMV User Vehicle Operating Agreement
Vehicle OwnerMulti-Access Edge Computing Maintainer Maintenance Data Exchange Agreement
Vehicle OwnerMulti-Access Edge Computing Operator Application Usage Agreement
Vehicle OwnerMulti-Access Edge Computing Owner Expectation of Data Provision
Vehicle OwnerMulti-Access Edge Computing User Service Usage Agreement
Vehicle OwnerPedestrian Application Usage Agreement
Vehicle OwnerPedestrian Vehicle Operating Agreement
Vehicle OwnerPersonal Information Device Maintainer Maintenance Data Exchange Agreement
Vehicle OwnerPersonal Information Device Owner Expectation of Data Provision
Vehicle OwnerPersonal Information Device User Service Usage Agreement
Vehicle OwnerVehicle Maintainer System Maintenance Agreement
Vehicle OwnerVehicle Manager Operations Agreement
Vehicle SupplierVehicle Owner Warranty

Functional

This service package includes the following Functional View PSpecs:

Physical Object Functional Object PSpec Number PSpec Name
Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment RSE Intersection Management 1.1.1.6 Collect Vehicle Roadside Safety Data
1.1.2.6 Process Collected Vehicle Safety Data
1.1.6 Collect Vehicle Traffic Surveillance Data
1.2.7.14 Manage Connected Signal Priority and Preemption Requests
1.2.7.15 Process Intersection Safety Data
1.2.7.4 Process In-vehicle Signage Data
1.2.7.7 Process Vehicle Safety and Environmental Data for Output
1.5.10 Collect Vehicle Emissions Messages
RSE Intersection Safety 1.1.1.6 Collect Vehicle Roadside Safety Data
1.1.2.6 Process Collected Vehicle Safety Data
1.2.7.15 Process Intersection Safety Data
1.2.7.4 Process In-vehicle Signage Data
1.2.7.7 Process Vehicle Safety and Environmental Data for Output
ITS Roadway Equipment Roadway Basic Surveillance 1.1.1.1 Process Traffic Sensor Data
1.1.1.7 Process Road User Protection
1.1.2.11 Control Dynamic Lanes
1.2.7.16 Process Signal Control Conflict Monitoring
1.2.7.2 Monitor Roadside Equipment Operation
1.2.7.8 Provide Device Interface to Other Roadway Devices
1.3.1.3 Process Traffic Images
9.3.3.1 Collect Vehicle Speed
Roadway Mixed Use Crossing Safety 1.1.1.1 Process Traffic Sensor Data
1.1.1.7 Process Road User Protection
1.1.2.11 Control Dynamic Lanes
1.2.7.1 Process Indicator Output Data for Roads
1.2.7.12 Control Roadway Warning System
1.2.7.16 Process Signal Control Conflict Monitoring
1.2.7.2 Monitor Roadside Equipment Operation
1.2.7.5 Process Indicator Output Data for Freeways
1.2.7.6 Provide Intersection Collision Avoidance Data
1.2.7.9 Process Roadway Information Data
9.3.4.2 Provide Work Zone Intrusion Alert
Micromobility Vehicle OBE MMV Safety Communication 3.7.1 Manage MMV Safety Communications
3.7.3 Provide MMV User Safety Interface
Personal Information Device Personal Pedestrian Safety 6.8.1.3 Process Personal Portable Device Location Data
6.8.2.3 Monitor Pedestrian Safety Status
6.8.2.4 Provide Pedestrian Personal Interface
6.8.3.3 Provide Traveler Personal Interface
6.8.3.6 Provide Personal Safety Messages
Traffic Management Center TMC Intersection Safety 1.1.2.2 Process Traffic Data
1.1.4.2 Provide Traffic Operations Personnel Traffic Data Interface
1.2.2.2 Determine Indicator State for Road Management
1.2.4.1 Output Control Data for Roads
1.2.4.7 Manage Roadway Warning System
1.2.8 Collect Traffic Field Equipment Fault Data
Transportation Information Center TIC Traffic Control Dissemination 6.2.2 Collect Traffic Data
6.5.1 Provide Broadcast Data Interface
Vehicle Vehicle Basic Safety Communication 3.1.1 Produce Collision and Crash Avoidance Data
3.1.3 Process Vehicle On-board Data
3.1.4 Communicate with Remote Vehicles
3.1.6 Provide Vehicle Acceleration and Deceleration Inputs
3.2.3.2 Manage Platoon Following
3.2.3.3 Process Data for Vehicle Actuators
3.2.3.5.1 Process General Vehicle Sensor Data
3.2.4 Process Sensor Data for Automatic Vehicle Operations
6.7.1.3 Process Vehicle Location Data
6.7.1.4 Update Vehicle Navigable Map Database
6.7.3.2 Provide Driver Information Interface
Vehicle Control Automation 3.2.3.3 Process Data for Vehicle Actuators
3.2.3.4.1 Provide Servo Control
3.2.3.4.2 Provide Vehicle Control Data Interface
Vehicle Control Warning 3.1.1 Produce Collision and Crash Avoidance Data
3.1.3 Process Vehicle On-board Data
3.2.3.3 Process Data for Vehicle Actuators
3.2.3.5.1 Process General Vehicle Sensor Data
6.7.3.2 Provide Driver Information Interface
Vehicle Intersection Movement 3.1.1 Produce Collision and Crash Avoidance Data
3.1.2 Carry-out Safety Analysis
3.1.3 Process Vehicle On-board Data
3.1.4 Communicate with Remote Vehicles
3.1.6 Provide Vehicle Acceleration and Deceleration Inputs
3.2.1 Provide Driver Interface
3.2.3.1 Provide Command Interface
3.2.3.3 Process Data for Vehicle Actuators
3.2.3.5.1 Process General Vehicle Sensor Data
3.2.4 Process Sensor Data for Automatic Vehicle Operations
3.3.2 Build Automatic Collision Notification Message
6.7.1.3 Process Vehicle Location Data
6.7.1.4 Update Vehicle Navigable Map Database
6.7.3.1 Provide Driver with Personal Travel Information
6.7.3.2 Provide Driver Information Interface

Physical

The physical diagram can be viewed in SVG or PNG format and the current format is SVG.
SVG Diagrams: Part 1 Part 2
PNG Diagrams: Part 1 Part 2

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Includes Physical Objects:

Physical Object Class Description
Basic Vehicle Vehicle 'Basic Vehicle' represents a complete operating vehicle. It includes the vehicle platform that interfaces with and hosts ITS electronics and all of the driver convenience and entertainment systems, and other non-ITS electronics on-board the vehicle. Interfaces represent both internal on-board interfaces between ITS equipment and other vehicle systems and other passive and active external interfaces or views of the vehicle that support vehicle/traffic monitoring and management. External interfaces may also represent equipment that is carried into the vehicle (e.g., a smartphone that is brought into the vehicle). Internal interfaces are often implemented through a vehicle databus, which is also included in this object. Note that 'Vehicle' represents the general functions and interfaces that are associated with personal automobiles as well as commercial vehicles, emergency vehicles, transit vehicles, and other specialized vehicles.
Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment Field 'Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment' (CV RSE) represents the Connected Vehicle roadside devices (i.e., Roadside Units (RSUs)) equipped with short range wireless (SRW) communications technology, as well as any other supporting equipment that leverage the RSU and are not described by other objects (e.g., a local roadside processor). CVRSE are used to send messages to, and receive messages from, nearby vehicles and personal devices equipped with compatible communications technology. Communications with adjacent field equipment and back office centers that monitor and control the RSE are also supported. This device operates from a fixed position and may be permanently deployed or a portable device that is located temporarily in the vicinity of a traffic incident, road construction, or a special event. It includes a processor, data storage, and communications capabilities that support secure communications with passing vehicles, other field equipment, and centers.
Driver Vehicle The 'Driver' represents the person that operates a vehicle on the roadway. Included are operators of private, transit, commercial, and emergency vehicles where the interactions are not particular to the type of vehicle (e.g., interactions supporting vehicle safety applications). The Driver originates driver requests and receives driver information that reflects the interactions which might be useful to all drivers, regardless of vehicle classification. Information and interactions which are unique to drivers of a specific vehicle type (e.g., fleet interactions with transit, commercial, or emergency vehicle drivers) are covered by separate objects.
ITS Roadway Equipment Field 'ITS Roadway Equipment' represents the ITS equipment that is distributed on and along the roadway that monitors and controls traffic and monitors and manages the roadway. This physical object includes traffic detectors, environmental sensors, traffic signals, highway advisory radios, dynamic message signs, CCTV cameras and video image processing systems, grade crossing warning systems, and ramp metering systems. Lane management systems and barrier systems that control access to transportation infrastructure such as roadways, bridges and tunnels are also included. This object also provides environmental monitoring including sensors that measure road conditions, surface weather, and vehicle emissions. Work zone systems including work zone surveillance, traffic control, driver warning, and work crew safety systems are also included.
Micromobility Vehicle OBE Vehicle The Micromobility Vehicle On-Board Equipment (MMV OBE) provides the vehicle-based sensory, processing, storage, and communications functions that support efficient, safe, and convenient travel. The MMV OBE includes general capabilities that apply to bicycles and other low-powered mobility devices such as e-scooters, powered wheelchairs, and power assisted bicycles. The MMV OBE includes the common interfaces and functions that could apply to any low-powered mobility device. The radio(s) supporting V2V and V2I communications are a key component of the MMV OBE. Both one-way and two-way communications options support a spectrum of information services from basic broadcast to advanced personalized information services. Advanced sensors, processors, and enhanced traveler interfaces (through PIDs), complement traveler information services so that, in addition to making informed mode and route selections, the vulnerable road user travels these routes in a safer and more consistent manner.
MMV User Personal The 'MMV User' represents the person that operates a micromobility vehicle (MMV). Included are cyclists and operators of other low-powered mobility devices such as e-scooters, powered wheelchairs, and power assisted bicycles where the interactions are not particular to the type of vehicle (e.g., interactions supporting vehicle safety applications). The MMV User participates in ITS services that support safe, shared use of the transportation network by motorized and non-motorized transportation modes. Representing those using non-motorized travel modes, and in particular bicyclists that sometimes share motor vehicle lanes, these MMV users provide input (e.g. a call signal requesting right of way at an intersection) and may be detected by ITS services to improve safety. The MMV User originates requests and receives information that reflects the interactions which might be useful to all users, regardless of vehicle type.
Multi-Access Edge Computing Field 'Multi-Access Edge Computing' ((MEC) previously known as mobile edge computing) represents computing devices that operate and are managed like a cloud server, but are deployed at the edge of a network (typically a cellular network, but it could be any network). While not in strict proximity to the transportation network, these systems do benefit from vastly decreased distances to the roadway compared to central systems, and so can provide lower latency than strictly backoffice systems
Pedestrian Personal The 'Pedestrian' represents a person traveling on foot. Pedestrians participate in ITS services that support safe, shared use of the transportation network. Included are visually impaired travelers who travel through portions of the transportation network and interact with ITS systems. They provide input (e.g. a call signal requesting right of way at an intersection) and may be detected by ITS services to improve safety
Personal Information Device Personal The 'Personal Information Device' provides the capability for travelers to receive formatted traveler information wherever they are. Capabilities include traveler information, trip planning, and route guidance. Frequently a smart phone, the Personal Information Device provides travelers with the capability to receive route planning and other personally focused transportation services from the infrastructure in the field, at home, at work, or while en-route. Personal Information Devices may operate independently or may be linked with vehicle on-board equipment. This subsystem also supports safety related services with the capability to broadcast safety messages and initiate a distress signal or request for help.
Traffic Management Center Center The 'Traffic Management Center' monitors and controls traffic and the road network. It represents centers that manage a broad range of transportation facilities including freeway systems, rural and suburban highway systems, and urban and suburban traffic control systems. It communicates with ITS Roadway Equipment and Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment (RSE) to monitor and manage traffic flow and monitor the condition of the roadway, surrounding environmental conditions, and field equipment status. It manages traffic and transportation resources to support allied agencies in responding to, and recovering from, incidents ranging from minor traffic incidents through major disasters.
Transportation Information Center Center The 'Transportation Information Center' collects, processes, stores, and disseminates transportation information to system operators and the traveling public. The physical object can play several different roles in an integrated ITS. In one role, the TIC provides a data collection, fusing, and repackaging function, collecting information from transportation system operators and redistributing this information to other system operators in the region and other TICs. In this information redistribution role, the TIC provides a bridge between the various transportation systems that produce the information and the other TICs and their subscribers that use the information. The second role of a TIC is focused on delivery of traveler information to subscribers and the public at large. Information provided includes basic advisories, traffic and road conditions, transit schedule information, yellow pages information, ride matching information, and parking information. The TIC is commonly implemented as a website or a web-based application service, but it represents any traveler information distribution service.
Vehicle Vehicle This 'Vehicle' physical object is used to model core capabilities that are common to more than one type of Vehicle. It provides the vehicle-based general sensory, processing, storage, and communications functions that support efficient, safe, and convenient travel. Many of these capabilities (e.g., see the Vehicle Safety service packages) apply to all vehicle types including personal vehicles (including motorcycles), commercial vehicles, emergency vehicles, transit vehicles, and maintenance vehicles. From this perspective, the Vehicle includes the common interfaces and functions that apply to all motorized vehicles. The radio(s) supporting V2V and V2I communications are a key component of the Vehicle. Both one-way and two-way communications options support a spectrum of information services from basic broadcast to advanced personalized information services. Advanced sensors, processors, enhanced driver interfaces, and actuators complement the driver information services so that, in addition to making informed mode and route selections, the driver travels these routes in a safer and more consistent manner. This physical object supports all six levels of driving automation as defined in SAE J3016. Initial collision avoidance functions provide 'vigilant co-pilot' driver warning capabilities. More advanced functions assume limited control of the vehicle to maintain lane position and safe headways. In the most advanced implementations, this Physical Object supports full automation of all aspects of the driving task, aided by communications with other vehicles in the vicinity and in coordination with supporting infrastructure subsystems.
Vulnerable Road Users Personal 'Vulnerable Road Users' represents any roadway user not in a motorized vehicle capable of operating at the posted speed for the roadway in question, and also any roadway user in a vehicle not designed to encase (and thus protect) its occupants. This includes pedestrians, cyclists, wheelchair users, two-wheeled scooter micromobility users, as well as powered scooters and motorcycles. Note that this terminator represents the physical properties of vulnerable road users and their conveyance that may be sensed to support safe vehicle automation and traffic management in mixed mode applications where a variety of road users share the right-of-way. See also 'Pedestrian' and 'MMV User' Physical Objects that represent the human interface to these vulnerable road users.

Includes Functional Objects:

Functional Object Description Physical Object
MEC Intersection Management 'MEC Intersection Management' uses cellular communications to support connected vehicle applications that manage signalized intersections. It communicates with nearby vehicles and ITS infrastructure (e.g., the traffic signal controller) to enhance traffic signal operations. There may be constraints related to performance related to communications with participants using network operators foreign to the MEC. Multi-Access Edge Computing
MEC Intersection Safety 'MEC Intersection Safety' uses cellular communications to support connected vehicle applications that improve intersection safety. It communicates with nearby vehicles and ITS infrastructure to alert and warn drivers of potential stop sign, red light, and non-motorized user crossing conflicts or violations. There may be constraints related to performance related to communications with participants using network operators foreign to the MEC. Multi-Access Edge Computing
MMV Safety Communication 'MMV Safety Communication' exchanges the current location and motion information of the MMV with other connected devices in the vicinity, uses that information to calculate traveler and vehicles paths, and warns the traveler when the potential for an impending collision is detected. If available, map data is used to filter and interpret the relative location and motion of connected devices in the vicinity. Information from the infrastructure, e.g., a TIC or CVRE, can be used to detect non-equipped travelers. MMV location and motion broadcasts are also received by the infrastructure and used by the infrastructure to support a wide range of roadside safety and mobility applications Micromobility Vehicle OBE
Personal Pedestrian Safety 'Personal Pedestrian Safety' improves pedestrian, cyclist, and other vulnerable road user safety by providing personal location information to the infrastructure that can be used to avoid collisions involving vulnerable road users. It may also alert the vulnerable road user of unsafe conditions, augmenting or extending information provided by signals and signs. The information provided and the user interface delivery mechanism (visual, audible, or haptic) can also be tailored to the needs of the user that is carrying or wearing the device that hosts the application. Personal Information Device
Roadway Basic Surveillance 'Roadway Basic Surveillance' monitors traffic conditions using fixed equipment such as loop detectors and CCTV cameras. ITS Roadway Equipment
Roadway Mixed Use Crossing Safety 'Roadway Mixed Use Crossing Safety' is an advanced infrastructure application that detects pedestrians, cyclists, and other non-motorized users and provides active safety warnings to drivers when cross walks or other intersecting mixed use paths are occupied. ITS Roadway Equipment
RSE Intersection Management 'RSE Intersection Management' uses short range communications to support connected vehicle applications that manage signalized intersections. It communicates with approaching vehicles and ITS infrastructure (e.g., the traffic signal controller) to enhance traffic signal operations. Coordination with the ITS infrastructure also supports conflict monitoring to ensure the RSE output and traffic signal control output are consistent and degrade in a fail safe manner. This object also has the required functionalities for optimizing Signal Phase and Timing (SPaT), sending necessary commands to traffic signal controller to execute the optimized SPaT, and updating SPaT in real-time. Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment
RSE Intersection Safety 'RSE Intersection Safety' uses short range communications to support connected vehicle applications that improve intersection safety. It matches information from multiple sensors or sources to produce vehicle or VRU location data with higher confidence than that from a sole sensor or source. It communicates with approaching vehicles and ITS infrastructure to alert and warn drivers of potential stop sign, red light, and non-motorized user crossing conflicts or violations. Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment
TIC Traffic Control Dissemination 'TIC Traffic Control Dissemination' serves as intermediary between transportation operations centers (e.g., TMC, Transit MC) and transportation users (e.g., vehicles, personal devices). It collects and disseminates intersection status, lane control information, special vehicle alerts, and other traffic control related information that is real-time or near real-time in nature and relevant to vehicles in a relatively local area on the road network. It collects traffic control information from Traffic Management and other Center(s) and disseminates the relevant information to vehicles and other mobile devices. Transportation Information Center
TMC Intersection Safety 'TMC Intersection Safety' controls and monitors RSEs that support stop sign, red light, and mixed use crossing violations. It configures the RSEs for the current intersection geometry and traffic signal control equipment at the intersection. Information that is currently being communicated to passing vehicles and the operational status of the field equipment is monitored by this application. The operational status of the field equipment is reported to operations personnel. Traffic Management Center
Vehicle Basic Safety Communication 'Vehicle Basic Safety Communication' exchanges current vehicle characteristics, location, and motion (including past and intended maneuver) information with other vehicles in the vicinity and the infrastructure, uses that information to calculate vehicle paths, and warns the driver when the potential for an impending collision is detected. If available, map data is used to filter and interpret the relative location and motion of vehicles in the vicinity. Information from on-board sensors (e.g., radars and image processing) are also used, if available, in combination with the V2V communications to detect non-equipped vehicles and corroborate connected vehicle data. This object represents a broad range of implementations ranging from basic Vehicle Awareness Devices that only broadcast vehicle location and motion and provide no driver warnings to advanced integrated safety systems that coordinate maneuvers and may, in addition to warning the driver, provide collision warning information to support automated control functions that can support control intervention. This object can also support broadcasting other vehicle information required for passing through a specific roadway segment such as variables that describe vehicle's characteristics and parameters, driver's preferences in terms of vehicle motion and behavior, etc. Vehicle
Vehicle Control Automation 'Vehicle Control Automation' provides lateral and/or longitudinal control of a vehicle to allow 'hands off' and/or 'feet off' driving, automating the steering, accelerator, and brake control functions. It builds on the sensors included in 'Vehicle Safety Monitoring' and 'Vehicle Control Warning', receives warnings from 'Vehicle Intersection Movement', and uses the information about the area surrounding the vehicle to safely control the vehicle. This object can also use the planned trajectory and speed profile from 'Vehicle Eco-Driving Assist' to optimally control vehicle motion and will provide feedback on its execution of the received instructions back to 'Vehicle Eco-Driving Assist'. It covers the range of incremental control capabilities from driver assistance systems that take over steering or acceleration/deceleration in limited scenarios with direct monitoring by the driver to full automation where all aspects of driving are automated under all roadway and environmental conditions. Vehicle
Vehicle Control Warning 'Vehicle Control Warning' monitors areas around the vehicle and provides warnings to a driver so the driver can take action to recover and maintain safe control of the vehicle. It includes lateral warning systems that warn of lane departures and obstacles or vehicles to the sides of the vehicle and longitudinal warning systems that monitor areas in the vehicle path and provide warnings when headways are insufficient or obstacles are detected in front of or behind the vehicle. It includes on-board sensors, including radars and imaging systems, and the driver information system that provides the visual, audible, and/or haptic warnings to the driver. Vehicle
Vehicle Intersection Movement 'Vehicle Intersection Movement' uses short-range wireless communications to monitor other connected vehicles at intersections and support the safe movement of the vehicle through the intersection by receiving and processing signal phase and timing messages from the intersection. Driver warnings are provided and the application may also optionally take control of the vehicle to avoid collisions, in coordination with Vehicle Control Automation. The application will also notify the infrastructure and other vehicles if it detects an unsafe infringement on the intersection. Vehicle

Includes Information Flows:

Information Flow Description
crossing call Non-motorized user request to cross the roadway. This is an overt request from a pedestrian, micromobility vehicle user (e.g., cyclist), or other vulnerable road user. This overt request may be a physical button push or hovering or gesturing in the vicinity of the button that supports contactless activation.
crossing permission Information provided to guide and warn pedestrians, micromobility vehicle users (e.g., cyclists), and other crosswalk users. It includes crossing request acknowledgment, current crossing permission, crossing time remaining, and real-time warnings of safety threats.
detected unequipped vehicles and VRUs Notification of a nearby vehicle (light vehicle, commercial vehicle, MMV etc.) or vulnerable road user that does not appear to be equipped with a short range communications device but is detectable using onboard vehicle or infrastructure sensors. The flow communicates detected vehicle/VRU location, physical characteristics, observable kinematics and confidence in those measures.
driver information Regulatory, warning, guidance, and other information provided to the driver to support safe and efficient vehicle operation.
driver input Driver input to the vehicle on-board equipment including configuration data, settings and preferences, interactive requests, and control commands.
driver update information Information provided to the driver-vehicle interface to inform the driver about current conditions, potential hazards, and the current status of vehicle on-board equipment. The flow includes the information to be presented to the driver and associated metadata that supports processing, prioritization, and presentation by the DVI as visual displays, audible information and warnings, and/or haptic feedback.
driver updates Information provided to the driver including visual displays, audible information and warnings, and haptic feedback. The updates inform the driver about current conditions, potential hazards, and the current status of vehicle on-board equipment.
host vehicle status Information provided to the ITS on-board equipment from other systems on the vehicle platform. This includes the current status of the powertrain, steering, and braking systems, and status of other safety and convenience systems. In implementations where GPS is not integrated into the Vehicle On-Board Equipment, the host vehicle is also the source for data describing the vehicle's location in three dimensions (latitude, longitude, elevation) and accurate time that can be used for time synchronization across the ITS environment.
intersection control status Status data provided by the traffic signal controller including phase information, alarm status, and priority/preempt status.
intersection geometry The physical geometry of an intersection covering the location and width of each approaching lane, egress lane, and valid paths between approaches and egresses. This flow also defines the location of stop lines, cross walks, specific traffic law restrictions for the intersection (e.g., turning movement restrictions), and other elements that support calculation of a safe and legal vehicle path through the intersection.
intersection infringement detection Notification of a detected unpermitted movement at an intersection such as a stop sign violation or running a red light.
intersection infringement info Vehicle path information sent by a vehicle that is performing an unpermitted movement at an intersection such as a stop sign violation or running a red light. This also includes information about possible conflicts with other road users in the vehicle's path, including a range of uncontrolled intersection scenarios that could be covered by this flow. This flow does not include permanent ids; only temporary ones that allow monitoring of the vehicle as it moves across the intersection.
intersection safety application info Intersection and device configuration data, including intersection geometry, and warning parameters and thresholds. This flow also supports remote control of the application so the application can be taken offline, reset, or restarted.
intersection safety application status Infrastructure safety application status reported by the RSE. This includes current operational state and status of the RSE and a record of intersection safety issues identified and alerts and warnings issued.
intersection safety warning A warning of an imminent unsafe vehicle infringement at an intersection that may endanger other vehicles or pedestrians. This allows vehicles approaching the intersection to be warned in the event of an imminent red light or stop sign violation or potential infringement on an occupied crosswalk. All connected vehicles and personal devices near the intersection receive the warning.
intersection status Current signal phase and timing information for all lanes at a signalized intersection. This flow identifies active lanes and lanes that are being stopped and specifies the length of time that the current state will persist for each lane. It also identifies signal priority and preemption status and pedestrian crossing status information where applicable. It may also include future signal phase and timing information.
mixed use crossing status Current pedestrian and other mixed use crossing information including an indication of whether the call button has been activated, the current state of the mixed use crossing signal, and information indicating whether non-motorized users are currently occupying the cross walk.
mixed use safety warning control Configuration and control of equipment that monitors and manages mixed use crossings and provides visual displays and warnings to drivers when non-motorized users are occupying a cross walk or other mixed use path crossing.
mixed use safety warning status Current operational status and state of pedestrian crossings and other mixed use path crossing warning systems.
personal crossing safety information Current crossing status including permission to cross, crossing time remaining, and warnings (e.g., a vehicle's trajectory may impact non-motorized users including pedestrians and cyclists).
personal input User input to a personal device. This flow may request traveler information, request right of way, summon assistance, make a reservation, or request any other traveler service. This flow also establishes the settings that tailor each application to suit the user's needs.
personal location The current location (latitude, longitude, and elevation) reported by the personal information or safety device
personal location information Pedestrian, bicyclist, and other non-motorized user locations at an intersection as detected and reported by an RSE.
personal signal service request A request for right of way from a personal device that indicates the type of traveler (pedestrian, special needs pedestrian, bicyclist, etc.), anticipated time of arrival, travel path, and crossing duration.
personal updates Personal information, alerts, and warnings provided to pedestrians, micromobility vehicle (MMV) users, work crew members, and other individuals in a mixed use area. This includes visual, audio, and haptic outputs that may be customized to support individual needs.
proxied personal location Relay of pedestrian, bicyclist, and other non-motorized user locations at an intersection. This relay or rebroadcast of personal locations supports coordination between motorized and non-motorized users that do not have interoperable communications capability.
signal service request A call for service or extension for a signal control phase that is issued by the RSE for connected vehicles approaching an intersection and/or pedestrians at a crosswalk. This flow identifies the desired phase and service time.
vehicle control Control commands issued to vehicle actuators that control steering, throttle, and braking and other related commands that support safe transition between manual and automated vehicle control. This flow can also deploy restraints and other safety systems when a collision is unavoidable.
vehicle location and motion Data describing the vehicle's location in three dimensions, heading, speed, acceleration, braking status, and size.
vehicle path prediction The predicted future vehicle path of travel. This flow includes an indication of the future positions of the transmitting vehicle that can be used by receiving vehicles to support coordinated driving maneuvers and enhance in-lane and out-of-lane threat classification.
vulnerable road user presence Detection of pedestrians, cyclists, and other vulnerable road users. This detection is based on physical characteristics of the user and their conveyance, which may be enhanced by design and materials that facilitate sensor-based detection and tracking of vulnerable road users.

Goals and Objectives

Associated Planning Factors and Goals

Planning Factor Goal
A. Support the economic vitality of the metropolitan area, especially by enabling global competitiveness, productivity, and efficiency; Improve freight network
B. Increase the safety of the transportation system for motorized and nonmotorized users; Reduce fatalities and injuries
D. Increase the accessibility and mobility of people and for freight; Reduce congestion
G. Promote efficient system management and operation; Improve efficiency
I. Improve the resiliency and reliability of the transportation system and reduce or mitigate stormwater impacts of surface transportation; Improve resiliency and reliability

Associated Objective Categories

Objective Category
Arterial Management: Reliability
Arterial Management: Traffic Monitoring and Data Collection
Arterial Management: Traffic Signal Management
Safety: Vehicle Crashes and Fatalities
System Efficiency: Delay
System Efficiency: Extent of Congestion
System Efficiency: Intensity of Congestion (Travel Time Index)
System Efficiency: Travel Time

Associated Objectives and Performance Measures

Objective Performance Measure
Annual rate of change in regional average commute travel time will not exceed regional rate of population growth through the year Y. Average commute trip travel time (minutes).
Improve average travel time during peak periods by X percent by year Y. Average travel time during peak periods (minutes).
Increase the number of intersections running in a coordinated, closed-loop, or adaptive system by X percent in Y years. Number of intersections running in a coordinated, closed-loop, or adaptive system.
Reduce buffer index on arterials during peak and off-peak periods by X percent in Y years. The buffer index (represents the extra time (buffer) travelers add to their average travel time when planning trips in order to arrive on-time 95 percent of the time).
Reduce crashes at intersections Number of crashes and fatalities at signalized intersections
Reduce crashes at intersections Number of crashes and fatalities at unsignalized intersections
Reduce crashes at intersections Number of crashes and fatalities related to red-light running
Reduce crashes due to driver errors and limitations Number of crashes and fatalities related to driver inattention and distraction
Reduce crashes due to driver errors and limitations Number of crashes and fatalities related to driving while intoxicated
Reduce crashes due to red-light running Number of crashes and fatalities related to red-light running
Reduce crashes due to unsafe drivers, vehicles and cargo on the transportation system Number of crashes and fatalities due to commercial vehicle safety violations
Reduce delay associated with incidents on arterials by X percent by year Y. Hours of delay associated with incidents.
Reduce hours of delay per capita by X percent by year Y. Hours of delay (person-hours).
Reduce hours of delay per capita by X percent by year Y. Hours of delay per capita.
Reduce hours of delay per driver by X percent by year Y. Hours of delay (person-hours).
Reduce hours of delay per driver by X percent by year Y. Hours of delay per driver.
Reduce secondary crashes Number of secondary crashes
Reduce the number of motorcyclist fatalities by X percent by year Y. Number of motorcyclist fatalities
Reduce the number of pedestrian fatalities by X percent by year Y. Number of pedestrian fatalities
Reduce the number of speeding-related fatalities by X percent by year Y. Number of speeding-related fatalities
Reduce the percentage of facility miles (highway, arterial, rail, etc.) experiencing recurring congestion during the peak period by X percent by year Y. Percent of lane-miles (or rail) operating at LOS F or V/C > 1.0
Reduce the rate fatalities in the region by X percent by year Y. Rate of fatalities (rate per vehicle miles travelled (VMT))
Reduce the rate of severe injuries in the region by X percent by year Y. Rate of serious injuries (rate per VMT)
Reduce the regional average travel time index by X percent per year. Travel time index (the average travel time during the peak period, using congested speeds, divided by the off-peak period travel time, using posted or free-flow speeds).
Reduce the total number of crashes in the region by X percent by year Y. Total crashes per X VMT.
Reduce the total number of crashes involving bicyclists and pedestrians in the region by X percent by year Y. Total crashes involving bicycles.
Reduce the total number of crashes involving bicyclists and pedestrians in the region by X percent by year Y. Total crashes involving pedestrians.
Reduce the total number of fatalities and severe injuries in the region by X percent by year Y. Total fatalities per X VMT.
Reduce the total number of fatalities and severe injuries in the region by X percent by year Y. Total severe injuries per X VMT.
Reduce the total number of fatalities in the region by X percent by year Y. Number of fatalities
Reduce the total number of severe injuries in the region by X percent by year Y. Number of serious injuries
X percent of intersections in the region are equipped and operating with traffic signals that enable real-time monitoring and management of traffic flows by year Y. Percent of intersections in the region equipped and operating with traffic signals that enable real-time monitoring and management of traffic flows.
X percent of major and minor arterials are equipped and operating with arterial link traffic data detection stations (appropriate technology) per Z distance by year Y. Percent of major and minor arterials equipped and operating with arterial link traffic data detection stations (appropriate technology) per Z distance.
X percent of major and minor arterials are equipped and operating with closed circuit television (CCTV) cameras per Z distance by year Y. Percent of major and minor arterials equipped and operating with closed circuit television (CCTV) cameras per Z distance.

 
Since the mapping between objectives and service packages is not always straight-forward and often situation-dependent, these mappings should only be used as a starting point. Users should do their own analysis to identify the best service packages for their region.

Needs and Requirements

Need Functional Object Requirement
01 Traffic Operations needs to be able to provide to connected vehicles an indication that pedestrians or micromobility vehicle users may be crossing or are crossing an intersection in order to reduce the likelihood of the vehicle striking the pedestrian or micromobility users. Personal Pedestrian Safety 01 The personal information device shall provide the current location (latitude, longitude, and elevation) of the non-motorized travelers.
Roadway Basic Surveillance 07 The field element shall detect vehicles and vulnerable road users and share this information with roadside communications equipment. This supports detection of vehicles and vulnerable road users that do not have operable short range communications capabilities.
Roadway Mixed Use Crossing Safety 01 The field element shall collect images or sensor data for pedestrians or bicyclists and respond to pedestrian or bicyclist crossing requests via display, audio signal, or other manner.
RSE Intersection Safety 01 The roadway equipment shall collect the current location (latitude, longitude, and elevation) from personal information devices.
TIC Traffic Control Dissemination 02 The center shall collect traffic control information from Traffic Management Center.
03 The center shall provide real time signal phase and timing information for all lanes at a signalized intersection to vehicle.
TMC Intersection Safety 02 The center shall provide warnings to drivers when non-motorized users are occupying a cross walk or other mixed use path crossing.
02 Traffic Operations needs to be able to warn pedestrians or micromobility vehicle users about crossing status or potential vehicle infringement into the crosswalk in order to allow the pedestrian or micromobility vehicle users to safely cross an intersection. Personal Pedestrian Safety 03 The personal traveler interface shall provide traveler location information to transit vehicles.
Roadway Basic Surveillance 07 The field element shall detect vehicles and vulnerable road users and share this information with roadside communications equipment. This supports detection of vehicles and vulnerable road users that do not have operable short range communications capabilities.
RSE Intersection Safety 03 The roadway equipment shall collect vehicle path information sent by a vehicle.
TMC Intersection Safety 01 The center shall provide current intersection safety status information.
03 The center shall provide warnings to pedestrians or bicyclists when vehicles are infringing on a cross walk or other mixed use path crossing.
Vehicle Basic Safety Communication 06 The vehicle shall exchange location and motion information with roadside equipment and nearby vehicles.
Vehicle Intersection Movement 02 Vehicle shall provide data describing the vehicle's location in three dimensions, heading, speed, acceleration, braking status, and size.
03 Traffic Operations needs to be able to provide intersection priority for pedestrians or micromobility vehicle users based upon requests from the pedestrians or micromobility vehicle users. RSE Intersection Safety 01 The roadway equipment shall collect the current location (latitude, longitude, and elevation) from personal information devices.
TMC Intersection Safety 01 The center shall provide current intersection safety status information.
04 The field element shall be capable of providing intersection priority for pedestrians or bicyclists based upon requests from the pedestrians or bicyclists
04 Traffic Operations needs to be able to inform pedestrians and micromobility vehicle users of the status of the intersection including the amount of time left for crossing the intersection. Roadway Mixed Use Crossing Safety 02 The field element shall respond to pedestrian or bicyclist crossing requests via display, audio signal, or other manner.
03 The field element shall inform pedestrians and bicyclists of the status of the intersection including the amount of time left for crossing the intersection.
RSE Intersection Safety 04 The roadway equipment shall provide current crossing status including permission to cross, crossing time remaining.
05 The Driver needs to receive warnings or have the vehicle automatically perform control actions relating to pedestrians, and vulnerable road users that are sharing the roadway with the vehicle. MMV Safety Communication 03 The micromobility vehicle shall exchange location and motion information of the micromobility vehicle to nearby vehicles to warn the micromobility vehicle users of an impending collision.
04 The micromobility vehicle shall receive information from roadway equipment about approaching vehicles to alert and warn micromobility vehicle users of potential stop sign, red light, and non-motorized user crossing conflicts or violations.
Roadway Basic Surveillance 07 The field element shall detect vehicles and vulnerable road users and share this information with roadside communications equipment. This supports detection of vehicles and vulnerable road users that do not have operable short range communications capabilities.
RSE Intersection Safety 02 The roadway equipment shall communicate with approaching vehicles to alert and warn drivers of potential stop sign, red light, and non-motorized user crossing conflicts or violations.
Vehicle Control Automation 04 The vehicle shall collect location and motion data from the vehicle platform.
14 The vehicle shall be capable of performing control actions based upon warnings received regarding pedestrians, cyclists, and other non-motorized users that are sharing the roadway with the vehicle
Vehicle Intersection Movement 04 The vehicle shall be capable of providing warnings to the driver based upon information received regarding pedestrians, cyclists, and other non-motorized users that are sharing the roadway with the vehicle.
06 Pedestrians need to be informed about potentially hazardous road conditions or vehicles that may pose a danger to them. Personal Pedestrian Safety 013 The personal traveler interface shall inform travelers about hazardous road conditions.
Roadway Basic Surveillance 07 The field element shall detect vehicles and vulnerable road users and share this information with roadside communications equipment. This supports detection of vehicles and vulnerable road users that do not have operable short range communications capabilities.
Roadway Mixed Use Crossing Safety 032 The field element shall provide safety warnings to pedestrians.
07 MMV Operators need to be informed about potentially hazardous road conditions or vehicles that may pose a danger to them. Personal Pedestrian Safety 033 The personal traveler interface shall inform MMV operators about hazardous road conditions.
Roadway Basic Surveillance 07 The field element shall detect vehicles and vulnerable road users and share this information with roadside communications equipment. This supports detection of vehicles and vulnerable road users that do not have operable short range communications capabilities.
Roadway Mixed Use Crossing Safety 034 The field element shall provide safety warnings to MMV operators.

Related Sources

Document Name Version Publication Date
CO-UMP Cooperative Traffic Light for VRUs 5/31/2021
CO-UMP Warning System for Pedestrian 5/31/2021
FHWA-JPO-23-986 - Enhancing the Safety of Vulnerable Road Users at Intersections Final 2/1/2023
Multi-Modal Intelligent Traffic Signal System (MMITSS) ConOps Draft v2.0 9/14/2012
Multi-Modal Intelligent Traffic Signal System Final System Requirements Document Final 3/7/2013
Multi-Modal Intelligent Traffic Signal System- System Design Fi nal 6/26/2013


Security

In order to participate in this service package, each physical object should meet or exceed the following security levels.

Physical Object Security
Physical Object Confidentiality Integrity Availability Security Class
Basic Vehicle  
Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment Moderate High Moderate Class 3
ITS Roadway Equipment Moderate High Moderate Class 3
Micromobility Vehicle OBE Low High Moderate Class 3
Multi-Access Edge Computing  
Personal Information Device Low High Moderate Class 3
Traffic Management Center Moderate Moderate Moderate Class 2
Transportation Information Center Not Applicable Moderate Moderate Class 1
Vehicle Low High Moderate Class 3
Vulnerable Road Users  



In order to participate in this service package, each information flow triple should meet or exceed the following security levels.

Information Flow Security
Source Destination Information Flow Confidentiality Integrity Availability
Basis Basis Basis
Basic Vehicle Vehicle host vehicle status Low Moderate High
Unlikely that this includes any information that could be used against the originator. This can be MODERATE or HIGH, depending on the application: This is used later on to determine whether a vehicle is likely going to violate a red light or infringe a work zone. This needs to be correct in order for the application to work correctly. Since this monitors the health and safety of the vehicle and that information is eventually reported to the driver, it should be available at all times as it directly affects vehicle and operator safety.
Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment ITS Roadway Equipment detected unequipped vehicles and VRUs Not Applicable High Moderate
This data is intended to be shared with all nearby vehicles, traffic control devices and vulnerable road users; it is essentially public. This data may be used as input to vehicle situational awareness and thus trigger crash-avoidance actions. If manipulated or incorrect, a crash may occur; though vehicles able to use this data also have sensory capabilities, this flow will often contain data describing objects/vehicles/VRUs that are obscured and not observable by on-board sensors. This data may be used as input to vehicle situational awareness and thus trigger crash-avoidance actions. This data enable collision avoidance actions that are impractical without it, as vehicles able to use this data to sense-by-proxy other vehicles/VRUs/obstacles that are obscured by on-board sensors. Considered MODERATE and not HIGH only because the lack of availability reverts to existing operations and does not actively make safety worse.
Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment ITS Roadway Equipment personal location information Not Applicable Moderate Low
This is simply passing on received broadcast messages. It is intended to be received by everyone. pedestrian location within the crosswalk is not confidential or encrypted We assume that this information is not able to cause the ITS RE to behave in extreme ways, e.g. to keep all the lights red forever because it thinks there’s a baby in the middle of the road. In other words, the ITS RE has maximum durations for the different phases of the cycle which it will not go beyond not matter what this information flow contains. Bad information can cause annoyances and disrupt traffic flow to a limited extent but will not have a large impact. NYC: location should be accurate and should not be tampered; however, we assume the info is not able to cause the ITS RE to behave in extreme ways (i.e., there should be maximum different cycle phases) If this is down, the ITS RE goes back to default behavior, which we assume is set sensibly. NYC: if down, the ITS RE should revert to default behavior which we assume is sensible
Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment ITS Roadway Equipment signal service request Not Applicable Moderate Low
info is not confidential or encrypted requests should be accurate and not tampered with, otherwise incorrect or malicious requests could be granted which could lead to delays requests should be timely and available immediately but availability cannot be guaranteed over a wireless medium; also worst case scenario is the vehicle or pedestrian has to wait for the appropriate signal
Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment Micromobility Vehicle OBE personal crossing safety information Not Applicable Moderate Low
This data is intentionally transmitted to everyone via a broadcast. It can also be determined via other visual indicators. People will use this information to determine if they can cross, so incorrect information increases the risk of accidents. DISC: THEA believes this to be HIGH: "info needs to be accurate and should not be tampered with (used to warn pedestrians of infringement, etc.); higher because enables accessibility; pedestrians may not be able to see/hear the information" If this is down, the pedestrian still gets information from the RE and from the rest of the environment. DISC: NYC and THEA believe this to be MODERATE: info needs to be accurate and should not be tampered with (used to warn pedestrians of infringement, etc.); higher because enables accessibility; pedestrians may not be able to see/hear the information; however, overall I level is M, not H, because message is still just information and pedestrian needs to use their own awareness A: needs to be readily available to give permission to cross, time remaining, etc. but cannot guarantee wireless communication; however, worst case is the pedestrian has to wait; also cannot guarantee wireless communication
Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment Personal Information Device detected unequipped vehicles and VRUs Not Applicable High Moderate
This data is intended to be shared with all nearby vehicles, traffic control devices and vulnerable road users; it is essentially public. This data may be used as input to vehicle situational awareness and thus trigger crash-avoidance actions. If manipulated or incorrect, a crash may occur; though vehicles able to use this data also have sensory capabilities, this flow will often contain data describing objects/vehicles/VRUs that are obscured and not observable by on-board sensors. This data may be used as input to vehicle situational awareness and thus trigger crash-avoidance actions. This data enable collision avoidance actions that are impractical without it, as vehicles able to use this data to sense-by-proxy other vehicles/VRUs/obstacles that are obscured by on-board sensors. Considered MODERATE and not HIGH only because the lack of availability reverts to existing operations and does not actively make safety worse.
Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment Personal Information Device intersection geometry Low High Moderate
Map data intended for general use by any C-ITS component than needs it. No information here includes PII or anything else that, if viewed by someone other than the participant, would lead to harm. Map data is used for a host of application purposes. This widespread use means that any corruption in the data has a widespread and far reaching effect. Occasional outages of this flow will delay updates and lead to a loss of accurate function of some applications. Depending on the application this could be HIGH.
Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment Personal Information Device intersection safety warning Not Applicable High Moderate
This data is intentionally transmitted to everyone via a broadcast. It can also be determined via other visual indicators. This message is broadcast as a warning, allowing infringing drivers to avoid a collision with a pedestrian and all other drivers to avoid the infringing driver. If this message is falsely broadcast it could cause drivers who think they may be infringing to break suddenly, increasing the chance of a collisions from behind. If it were constantly broadcast incorrectly, it may lead to drivers ignoring this notifications. All of these cases have an impact on safety. NYC believes some scenarios may only require MODERATE, but some do require HIGH. This message has a very short window in which it is valid. If it is not delivered until after the driver has passed the point of no return before entering the crosswalk, they will not gain any information from it, rendering the application useless.
Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment Personal Information Device intersection status Not Applicable Moderate Moderate
This data is intended for all vehicles in the immediate area of the sender. info needs to be accurate and should not be tampered so the vehicle OBE has correct SPaT info for all lanes; however the driver can still see the traffic signals. From NYC: This information will be used by the vehicle ASD to determine whether or not to issue a red light violation warning to the driver. False information could lead to the vehicle ASD not issuing a warning when in fact it should have. The vehicle operator is not using this information to decide whether or not to travel through the intersection. They will still have visual cues, such as traffic lights, indicating whether or not they can travel through the intersection. needs to be available so the vehicle OBE has correct SPaT info; identifies signal priority and preemption status and pedestrian crossing status information, etc. However availability cannot be guaranteed over a wireless medium. From NYC: Without this information, vehicle ASD may not properly issue a red light violation warning to the driver. The vehicle operator will still use the traffic
Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment Personal Information Device personal crossing safety information Not Applicable Moderate Low
This data is intentionally transmitted to everyone via a broadcast. It can also be determined via other visual indicators. People will use this information to determine if they can cross, so incorrect information increases the risk of accidents. DISC: THEA believes this to be HIGH: "info needs to be accurate and should not be tampered with (used to warn pedestrians of infringement, etc.); higher because enables accessibility; pedestrians may not be able to see/hear the information" If this is down, the pedestrian still gets information from the RE and from the rest of the environment. DISC: NYC and THEA believe this to be MODERATE: info needs to be accurate and should not be tampered with (used to warn pedestrians of infringement, etc.); higher because enables accessibility; pedestrians may not be able to see/hear the information; however, overall I level is M, not H, because message is still just information and pedestrian needs to use their own awareness A: needs to be readily available to give permission to cross, time remaining, etc. but cannot guarantee wireless communication; however, worst case is the pedestrian has to wait; also cannot guarantee wireless communication
Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment Traffic Management Center intersection safety application status Moderate Moderate Low
This information could be of interest to a malicious individual who is attempting to determine the best way to accomplish a crime. As such it would be best to not make it easily accessible. DISC: THEA and NYC believe this may be LOW for some applications If this is compromised, it could send unnecessary maintenance workers, or cause the appearance of excessive traffic violations, leading to further unnecessary investigation. NYC: should be able to cope with some bad information on the status and record of alerts/warnings; aggregate info; however could cause appearance of excessive traffic violations or unnecessary maintenance caused if data is compromised A delay in reporting this may cause a delay in necessary maintenance, but (a) this is not time-critical and (b) there are other channels for reporting malfunctioning. Additionally, there is a message received notification, which means that RSE can ensure that all intersection safety issues are delivered.
Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment Vehicle detected unequipped vehicles and VRUs Not Applicable High Moderate
This data is intended to be shared with all nearby vehicles, traffic control devices and vulnerable road users; it is essentially public. This data may be used as input to vehicle situational awareness and thus trigger crash-avoidance actions. If manipulated or incorrect, a crash may occur; though vehicles able to use this data also have sensory capabilities, this flow will often contain data describing objects/vehicles/VRUs that are obscured and not observable by on-board sensors. This data may be used as input to vehicle situational awareness and thus trigger crash-avoidance actions. This data enable collision avoidance actions that are impractical without it, as vehicles able to use this data to sense-by-proxy other vehicles/VRUs/obstacles that are obscured by on-board sensors. Considered MODERATE and not HIGH only because the lack of availability reverts to existing operations and does not actively make safety worse.
Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment Vehicle intersection geometry Low High Moderate
Map data intended for general use by any C-ITS component than needs it. No information here includes PII or anything else that, if viewed by someone other than the participant, would lead to harm. Map data is used for a host of application purposes. This widespread use means that any corruption in the data has a widespread and far reaching effect. Occasional outages of this flow will delay updates and lead to a loss of accurate function of some applications. Depending on the application this could be HIGH.
Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment Vehicle intersection safety warning Not Applicable High Moderate
This data is intentionally transmitted to everyone via a broadcast. It can also be determined via other visual indicators. This message is broadcast as a warning, allowing infringing drivers to avoid a collision with a pedestrian and all other drivers to avoid the infringing driver. If this message is falsely broadcast it could cause drivers who think they may be infringing to break suddenly, increasing the chance of a collisions from behind. If it were constantly broadcast incorrectly, it may lead to drivers ignoring this notifications. All of these cases have an impact on safety. NYC believes some scenarios may only require MODERATE, but some do require HIGH. This message has a very short window in which it is valid. If it is not delivered until after the driver has passed the point of no return before entering the crosswalk, they will not gain any information from it, rendering the application useless.
Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment Vehicle intersection status Not Applicable Moderate Moderate
This data is intended for all vehicles in the immediate area of the sender. If this is compromised, the Vehicle OBE will receive messages that are inconsistent with what the traffic signals are displaying. This could lead to confusion and reduce the ability of the application to provide value. If this is down, the Vehicle OBE doesn’t get the information it needs to stay in synch with the actual signal state, reducing or eliminating the value add from having this application. We assume that the Vehicle OBE will detect a lack of availability and choose not to send out-of-date information, so a failure of availability cannot have worse consequences than a failure of integrity which we have previously assessed at MEDIUM.
Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment Vehicle proxied personal location Not Applicable Moderate Moderate
This information is intended for widespread local distribution; effectively broadcast to every mobile device in the area. Incorrect information could lead to a person not being properly located by a receiving vehicle, which could have catastrophic effects. This data is required for the system to operate properly. If this data is not available, the system cannot give accurate warning information.
Driver Vehicle driver input Moderate High High
Data included in this flow may include origin and destination information, which should be protected from other's viewing as it may compromise the driver's privacy. Commands from from the driver to the vehicle must be correct or the vehicle may behave in an unpredictable and possibly unsafe manner Commands must always be able to be given or the driver has no control.
ITS Roadway Equipment Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment detected unequipped vehicles and VRUs Not Applicable High Moderate
This data is intended to be shared with all nearby vehicles, traffic control devices and vulnerable road users; it is essentially public. This data may be used as input to vehicle situational awareness and thus trigger crash-avoidance actions. If manipulated or incorrect, a crash may occur; though vehicles able to use this data also have sensory capabilities, this flow will often contain data describing objects/vehicles/VRUs that are obscured and not observable by on-board sensors. This data may be used as input to vehicle situational awareness and thus trigger crash-avoidance actions. This data enable collision avoidance actions that are impractical without it, as vehicles able to use this data to sense-by-proxy other vehicles/VRUs/obstacles that are obscured by on-board sensors. Considered MODERATE and not HIGH only because the lack of availability reverts to existing operations and does not actively make safety worse.
ITS Roadway Equipment Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment intersection control status Low High Moderate
This data is intentionally transmitted to everyone via a broadcast. It can also be determined via other visual indicators. If this is compromised, the Roadway Equipment and Roadside Equipment will be sending messages that are inconsistent with each other, leading to confusion and possible accidents. If this is down, the RSE doesn’t get the information it needs to stay in synch with the actual signal state, reducing or eliminating the value add from having this application. The RSE must detect a lack of availability and choose not to send out-of-date information, so a failure of availability could be interpreted as having the same value as Integrity. However, this data is semi-predictable and there are other indicators (such as the lights themselves) of the intersection status. From NYC, who believe this should be HIGH for some applications: If this is down, the RSE doesn’t get the information it needs to stay in synch with the actual signal state, reducing or eliminating the value add from having this application. The RSE must detect a lack of availability and choose not to send out-of-date information, so a failure of availability cannot have worse consequences than a failure of integrity which we have previously assessed at HIGH.
ITS Roadway Equipment Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment mixed use crossing status Not Applicable High Moderate
This data is later intentionally transmitted to everyone via a broadcast. If this is compromised, the ITS RE and RSE will be sending messages that are inconsistent with each other, leading to confusion and possible accidents and reducing the ability of the application to provide value. If this information is incorrect, it could lead to a collision between a vehicle and a pedestrian. If this is down, the RSE doesn’t get the information it needs to stay in synch with the actual signal state, reducing or eliminating the value add from having the RSE. We assume that the RSE will detect a lack of availability and choose not to send out-of-date information, so a failure of availability cannot have worse consequences than a failure of integrity which we have previously assessed at MEDIUM.
ITS Roadway Equipment Driver driver information Not Applicable High Moderate
This data is sent to all drivers and is also directly observable, by design. This is the primary signal trusted by the driver to decide whether to go through the intersection and what speed to go through the intersection at; if it’s wrong, accidents could happen. If the lights are out you have to get a policeman to direct traffic – expensive and inefficient and may cause a cascading effect due to lack of coordination with other intersections.
ITS Roadway Equipment MMV User crossing permission Not Applicable High Low
This data is intentionally transmitted to everyone via a broadcast. Although pedestrians have a responsibility to make sure the road is safe before they cross, they may react instinctively to incorrect information and be led to cross at unsafe times if they get incorrect information. Also, if the traffic signals are wrong and an accident happens, the pedestrian involved could sue, causing financial loss and other undesirable outcomes. It is easy to tell whether this information flow is available and pedestrians are used to using crosswalks that do not provide this service.
ITS Roadway Equipment Pedestrian crossing permission Not Applicable High Low
This data is intentionally transmitted to everyone via a broadcast. Although pedestrians have a responsibility to make sure the road is safe before they cross, they may react instinctively to incorrect information and be led to cross at unsafe times if they get incorrect information. Also, if the traffic signals are wrong and an accident happens, the pedestrian involved could sue, causing financial loss and other undesirable outcomes. It is easy to tell whether this information flow is available and pedestrians are used to using crosswalks that do not provide this service.
ITS Roadway Equipment Traffic Management Center mixed use safety warning status Low Moderate Low
Unless otherwise determined by the supplier (for example, because this flow contains proprietary or security-sensitive information about the device). If this is compromised, the TMC might for example send maintenance teams to fix a traffic signal that isn’t broken, incurring unnecessary expense. A delay in reporting the state of the ITS RE may lead to a delay in providing necessary maintenance, but (a) this is not time-critical and (b) there are other channels for reporting malfunctioning ITS REs.
Micromobility Vehicle OBE Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment personal location Not Applicable High Moderate
This data is intentionally transmitted to everyone via a broadcast. It can also be determined via other visual indicators. An incorrect location message could lead to a false warning or lack of warning. A lack of warning can have obvious catastrophic consequences, while a false warning could lead to users ignoring warnings due to perceived inaccuracy. Given that this triple may apply to highly dynamic environments (such as work zones), its accuracy is paramount, and thus if sent, must have HIGH integrity. There are other visual indicators about the geofenced areas. PID users in dynamic environments (incident and work zones) should know when they are leaving a geofenced area. As long as they remain in the geofenced area, this information is not as necessary. Not all pedestrians will carry a personal information device, and the system should be able to operate without this information.
Micromobility Vehicle OBE Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment personal signal service request Low Moderate Low
Info is not confidential and there is little to be gained by observing it. Requests should be accurate and not tampered with, otherwise incorrect or malicious requests could be granted which could lead to delays. Requests should be timely and available immediately but availability cannot be guaranteed over a wireless medium; also worst case scenario is the vehicle or pedestrian has to wait for the appropriate signal
Micromobility Vehicle OBE MMV User personal updates Not Applicable Moderate Moderate
This data is informing the pedestrian about the safety of the intersections. It should not contain anything sensitive, and does not matter if another person can observe it. This is the information that is presented to the individual. If they receive incorrect information, they may act in an unsafe manner. However, there are other indicators that would alert them to any hazards, such as an oncoming vehicle or crossing safety lights. If this information is not made available to the pedestrian, then the system has not operated correctly.
Micromobility Vehicle OBE Vehicle personal location Not Applicable High Moderate
This data is intentionally transmitted to everyone via a broadcast. It can also be determined via other visual indicators. An incorrect location message could lead to a false warning or lack of warning. A lack of warning can have obvious catastrophic consequences, while a false warning could lead to users ignoring warnings due to perceived inaccuracy. Given that this triple may apply to highly dynamic environments (such as work zones), its accuracy is paramount, and thus if sent, must have HIGH integrity. There are other visual indicators about the geofenced areas. PID users in dynamic environments (incident and work zones) should know when they are leaving a geofenced area. As long as they remain in the geofenced area, this information is not as necessary. Not all pedestrians will carry a personal information device, and the system should be able to operate without this information.
MMV User ITS Roadway Equipment crossing call Not Applicable High Low
The "Not Applicable" group includes information flows that do not actually carry information; for example, flows that represent the physical environment. Although pedestrians have a responsibility to make sure the road is safe before they cross, and should ensure that they are detected by pedestrian detection systems, they may not always be detected and be led to cross at unsafe times if the ITS RE obtains incorrect information. It is easy to tell whether this information flow is available and pedestrians are used to using crosswalks that do not provide this service.
MMV User Micromobility Vehicle OBE personal input Not Applicable Moderate Low
Personal input similar to pressing the button on a pedestrian call at a stop light, nothing that could not be otherwise observed. This data does have to be correct, so the signal receives the pedestrian call. Given that the pedestrian should still not enter the intersection without feedback, this could be considered LOW. There are generally other ways to accomplish this flow. Depending on the pedestrian this might be MODERATE, for example for pedestrians unable to easily access the call button.
Pedestrian ITS Roadway Equipment crossing call Not Applicable High Low
The "Not Applicable" group includes information flows that do not actually carry information; for example, flows that represent the physical environment. Although pedestrians have a responsibility to make sure the road is safe before they cross, and should ensure that they are detected by pedestrian detection systems, they may not always be detected and be led to cross at unsafe times if the ITS RE obtains incorrect information. It is easy to tell whether this information flow is available and pedestrians are used to using crosswalks that do not provide this service.
Pedestrian Personal Information Device personal input Not Applicable Moderate Low
Personal input similar to pressing the button on a pedestrian call at a stop light, nothing that could not be otherwise observed. This data does have to be correct, so the signal receives the pedestrian call. Given that the pedestrian should still not enter the intersection without feedback, this could be considered LOW. There are generally other ways to accomplish this flow. Depending on the pedestrian this might be MODERATE, for example for pedestrians unable to easily access the call button.
Personal Information Device Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment personal location Not Applicable High Moderate
This data is intentionally transmitted to everyone via a broadcast. It can also be determined via other visual indicators. An incorrect location message could lead to a false warning or lack of warning. A lack of warning can have obvious catastrophic consequences, while a false warning could lead to users ignoring warnings due to perceived inaccuracy. Given that this triple may apply to highly dynamic environments (such as work zones), its accuracy is paramount, and thus if sent, must have HIGH integrity. There are other visual indicators about the geofenced areas. PID users in dynamic environments (incident and work zones) should know when they are leaving a geofenced area. As long as they remain in the geofenced area, this information is not as necessary. Not all pedestrians will carry a personal information device, and the system should be able to operate without this information.
Personal Information Device Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment personal signal service request Low Moderate Low
Info is not confidential and there is little to be gained by observing it. Requests should be accurate and not tampered with, otherwise incorrect or malicious requests could be granted which could lead to delays. Requests should be timely and available immediately but availability cannot be guaranteed over a wireless medium; also worst case scenario is the vehicle or pedestrian has to wait for the appropriate signal
Personal Information Device Pedestrian personal updates Not Applicable Moderate Moderate
This data is informing the pedestrian about the safety of the intersections. It should not contain anything sensitive, and does not matter if another person can observe it. This is the information that is presented to the individual. If they receive incorrect information, they may act in an unsafe manner. However, there are other indicators that would alert them to any hazards, such as an oncoming vehicle or crossing safety lights. If this information is not made available to the pedestrian, then the system has not operated correctly.
Personal Information Device Vehicle personal location Not Applicable High Moderate
This data is intentionally transmitted to everyone via a broadcast. It can also be determined via other visual indicators. THEA believes this to be 'LOW.' An incorrect location message could lead to a false warning or lack of warning. A lack of warning can have obvious catastrophic consequences, while a false warning could lead to users ignoring warnings due to perceived inaccuracy. Given that this triple may apply to highly dynamic environments (such as work zones), its accuracy is paramount, and thus if sent, must have HIGH integrity. This information should not be required to determine if a pedestrian is in an intersection. Not all pedestrians will carry a personal information device, and the system should be able to operate without this information. DISC: CCHANGED to Moderate from Low based on THEA justification: "location needs to be immediately available to enable warnings and messages from the PID to OBE but availability cannot be guaranteed over a wireless medium."
Traffic Management Center Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment intersection safety application info Moderate Moderate Low
Application configuration: The messages sent from the RSE are public and the warning parameters can be assumed to follow widely-known industry best practices, so management messages to configure these do not have a significant confidentiality requirement. Device management: As with TMC: Pedestrian Safety Warning Control, the device management may include proprietary information about the particular device being managed such as firmware details, memory size, processor limitations etc. The confidentiality requirement for the roadway equipment should be set by the supplier based on their understanding of the confidentiality requirements of the management messages. Note that the supplier can be assumed to provide devices that meet their own security requirements; however, the confidentiality requirements of this flow will also apply to the TMC. DISC: NYC believes this to be low. RES: This can vary, and is application context dependent. Fake instances of this information flow can cause drivers and pedestrians to get incorrect information (for example, swap the “safe to cross” and “not safe to cross” messages so pedestrians are told to cross when it isn’t safe). In particular, visually impaired people may rely on the message content to cross safely and may be endangered by bad message content. However, the impact is limited to a single crossing area and drivers still have primary responsibility for the safety of vulnerable road users, so the integrity requirement is MEDIUM rather than HIGH. DISC: THEA and NYC believe this should be HIGH: "proprietary info that should not be tampered with" Assuming that the traffic signal is configured reasonably well to start off with, the system should be robust if it goes an arbitrary amount of time without reconfiguration.
Traffic Management Center ITS Roadway Equipment mixed use safety warning control Moderate Moderate Low
Application configuration: The displays and warnings on the controlled device are not confidential, so messages containing possible displays and warnings or setting the conditions under which they are displayed should not be confidential. O Device management: If this information flow includes device management as well as display and alert configuration, the device management may include proprietary information about the particular device being managed such as firmware details, memory size, processor limitations etc. The confidentiality requirement for the roadway equipment should be set by the supplier based on their understanding of the confidentiality requirements of the management messages. Note that the supplier can be assumed to provide devices that meet their own security requirements; however, the confidentiality requirements of this flow will also apply to the TMC. Fake instances of this information flow can cause drivers and pedestrians to get incorrect information. However, it would not be possible to put the traffic signal into an inconsistent. DISC: THEA and NYC believe this should be HIGH: proprietary info that should not be tampered with; equipment monitors and manages pedestrian crossings and provides visual displays and warnings Control flow availability is related to the criticality of being able to remotely control the device. For most devices, this is MODERATE. For purely passive devices with no incident relationship, this will be LOW. All devices should have default modes that enable them to operate without backhaul connectivity, so no device warrants a HIGH. Assuming that the traffic signal is configured reasonably well to start off with, the system should be robust if it goes an arbitrary amount of time without reconfiguration.
Traffic Management Center Transportation Information Center intersection status Not Applicable Moderate Moderate
This data is distributed using a variety of mechanisms, some of which are localized broadcast; it is desireable that all potential users get this information. If this flow is not accurate or delivered in a timely fashion then a large variety of mobility and safety services that depend on it will not work properly. If this flow is not accurate or delivered in a timely fashion then a large variety of mobility and safety services that depend on it will not work properly.
Transportation Information Center Vehicle intersection status Not Applicable Moderate Moderate
This data is distributed using a variety of mechanisms, some of which are localized broadcast; it is desireable that all potential users get this information. If this flow is not accurate or delivered in a timely fashion then a large variety of mobility and safety services that depend on it will not work properly. If this flow is not accurate or delivered in a timely fashion then a large variety of mobility and safety services that depend on it will not work properly.
Vehicle Basic Vehicle driver update information Low Moderate Moderate
This information is all presented to the vehicle operator. Encrypting this information may make it harder to reverse engineer vehicle systems, and may defeat criminal tracking tools when the vehicle has already been compromised. Unless those scenarios are of concern to the operator or manufacturer, this can safely be set LOW. Any information presented to the operator of a vehicle should be both accurate and timely. By definition this includes safety information, but given that the driver has other means of learning about most threats, it seems difficult to justify HIGH. If HIGH is warranted, it should apply to both availability and integrity. Any information presented to the operator of a vehicle should be both accurate and timely. By definition this includes safety information, but given that the driver has other means of learning about most threats, it seems difficult to justify HIGH. If HIGH is warranted, it should apply to both availability and integrity.
Vehicle Basic Vehicle vehicle control Moderate High High
Internal vehicle flow that if reverse engineered could enable third party vehicle control. Largely a competitive question, could be set LOW if manufacturer and operator are not concerned with this type of compromise. Includes vehicle control commands, which must be timely and accurate to support safe vehicle operation. Includes vehicle control commands, which must be timely and accurate to support safe vehicle operation.
Vehicle Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment detected unequipped vehicles and VRUs Not Applicable High Moderate
This data is intended to be shared with all nearby vehicles, traffic control devices and vulnerable road users; it is essentially public. This data may be used as input to vehicle situational awareness and thus trigger crash-avoidance actions. If manipulated or incorrect, a crash may occur; though vehicles able to use this data also have sensory capabilities, this flow will often contain data describing objects/vehicles/VRUs that are obscured and not observable by on-board sensors. This data may be used as input to vehicle situational awareness and thus trigger crash-avoidance actions. This data enable collision avoidance actions that are impractical without it, as vehicles able to use this data to sense-by-proxy other vehicles/VRUs/obstacles that are obscured by on-board sensors. Considered MODERATE and not HIGH only because the lack of availability reverts to existing operations and does not actively make safety worse.
Vehicle Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment intersection infringement info Low High Moderate
This data is intentionally transmitted to everyone via a broadcast. It can also be determined via other visual indicators. This message is an indication of a potential hazard and should not be easy to forge. False messages here may lead to confusion that causes a traffic accident. This message is an indication of a potential hazard. If it isn’t received it increases the risk to other road users. If a vehicle is infringing on an intersection, it must report this.
Vehicle Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment vehicle location and motion Not Applicable High Moderate
This data is intentionally transmitted to everyone via a broadcast. Much of its information content can also be determined via other visual indicators Incorrect information could lead to the system not operating properly. If the system does not properly know where the vehicle is, it cannot make an accurate decision about whether there is going to be a pedestrian in the crosswalk that the vehicle is approaching. This can have a safety impact.; DISC: NYC believes this to be MODERATE This data is required for the system to operate properly. If this data is not available, the system cannot give accurate warning information.
Vehicle Driver driver updates Not Applicable Moderate Moderate
This data is informing the driver about the safety of a nearby area. It should not contain anything sensitive, and does not matter if another person can observe it. This is the information that is presented to the driver. If they receive incorrect information, they may act in an unsafe manner. However, there are other indicators that would alert them to any hazards, such as an oncoming vehicle or crossing safety lights. If this information is not made available to the driver, then the system has not operated correctly.
Vehicle Micromobility Vehicle OBE vehicle location and motion Not Applicable High Moderate
This data is intentionally transmitted to everyone via a broadcast. Much of its information content can also be determined via other visual indicators Incorrect information could lead to the system not operating properly. If the system does not properly know where the vehicle is, it cannot make an accurate decision about whether there is going to be a pedestrian in the crosswalk that the vehicle is approaching. This can have a safety impact. This data is required for the system to operate properly. If this data is not available, the system cannot give accurate warning information.
Vehicle Personal Information Device vehicle location and motion Not Applicable High Moderate
This data is intentionally transmitted to everyone via a broadcast. Much of its information content can also be determined via other visual indicators Incorrect information could lead to the system not operating properly. If the system does not properly know where the vehicle is, it cannot make an accurate decision about whether there is going to be a pedestrian in the crosswalk that the vehicle is approaching. This can have a safety impact. This data is required for the system to operate properly. If this data is not available, the system cannot give accurate warning information.
Vulnerable Road Users ITS Roadway Equipment vulnerable road user presence
Vulnerable Road Users Vehicle vulnerable road user presence

Standards

The following table lists the standards associated with physical objects in this service package. For standards related to interfaces, see the specific information flow triple pages. These pages can be accessed directly from the SVG diagram(s) located on the Physical tab, by clicking on each information flow line on the diagram.

NameTitlePhysical Object
CTI 4001 RSU Roadside Unit (RSU) Standard Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment
ITE 5201 ATC Advanced Transportation Controller ITS Roadway Equipment
ITE 5202 ATC Model 2070 Model 2070 Controller Standard ITS Roadway Equipment
ITE 5301 ATC ITS Cabinet Intelligent Transportation System Standard Specification for Roadside Cabinets ITS Roadway Equipment
ITE 5401 ATC API Application Programming Interface Standard for the Advanced Transportation Controller ITS Roadway Equipment
NEMA TS 8 Cyber and Physical Security Cyber and Physical Security for Intelligent Transportation Systems ITS Roadway Equipment
Traffic Management Center
NEMA TS2 Traffic Controller Assemblies Traffic Controller Assemblies with NTCIP Requirements ITS Roadway Equipment




System Requirements

System Requirement Need
001 The system shall collect traffic control information from Traffic Management Center. 01 Traffic Operations needs to be able to provide to connected vehicles an indication that pedestrians or micromobility vehicle users may be crossing or are crossing an intersection in order to reduce the likelihood of the vehicle striking the pedestrian or micromobility users.
002 The system shall provide real time signal phase and timing information for all lanes at a signalized intersection to vehicle. 01 Traffic Operations needs to be able to provide to connected vehicles an indication that pedestrians or micromobility vehicle users may be crossing or are crossing an intersection in order to reduce the likelihood of the vehicle striking the pedestrian or micromobility users.
003 The system shall provide current intersection safety status information. 02 Traffic Operations needs to be able to warn pedestrians or micromobility vehicle users about crossing status or potential vehicle infringement into the crosswalk in order to allow the pedestrian or micromobility vehicle users to safely cross an intersection.
03 Traffic Operations needs to be able to provide intersection priority for pedestrians or micromobility vehicle users based upon requests from the pedestrians or micromobility vehicle users.
004 The system shall provide warnings to drivers when non-motorized users are occupying a cross walk or other mixed use path crossing. 01 Traffic Operations needs to be able to provide to connected vehicles an indication that pedestrians or micromobility vehicle users may be crossing or are crossing an intersection in order to reduce the likelihood of the vehicle striking the pedestrian or micromobility users.
005 The system shall provide warnings to pedestrians or bicyclists when vehicles are infringing on a cross walk or other mixed use path crossing. 02 Traffic Operations needs to be able to warn pedestrians or micromobility vehicle users about crossing status or potential vehicle infringement into the crosswalk in order to allow the pedestrian or micromobility vehicle users to safely cross an intersection.
006 The system shall provide intersection priority for pedestrians or bicyclists based upon requests from the pedestrians or bicyclists 03 Traffic Operations needs to be able to provide intersection priority for pedestrians or micromobility vehicle users based upon requests from the pedestrians or micromobility vehicle users.
007 The system shall collect images or sensor data for pedestrians or bicyclists and respond to pedestrian or bicyclist crossing requests via display, audio signal, or other manner. 01 Traffic Operations needs to be able to provide to connected vehicles an indication that pedestrians or micromobility vehicle users may be crossing or are crossing an intersection in order to reduce the likelihood of the vehicle striking the pedestrian or micromobility users.
008 The system shall detect vehicles and vulnerable road users and share this information with roadside communications equipment. This supports detection of vehicles and vulnerable road users that do not have operable short range communications capabilities. 01 Traffic Operations needs to be able to provide to connected vehicles an indication that pedestrians or micromobility vehicle users may be crossing or are crossing an intersection in order to reduce the likelihood of the vehicle striking the pedestrian or micromobility users.
02 Traffic Operations needs to be able to warn pedestrians or micromobility vehicle users about crossing status or potential vehicle infringement into the crosswalk in order to allow the pedestrian or micromobility vehicle users to safely cross an intersection.
05 The Driver needs to receive warnings or have the vehicle automatically perform control actions relating to pedestrians, and vulnerable road users that are sharing the roadway with the vehicle.
06 Pedestrians need to be informed about potentially hazardous road conditions or vehicles that may pose a danger to them.
07 MMV Operators need to be informed about potentially hazardous road conditions or vehicles that may pose a danger to them.
009 The system shall respond to pedestrian or bicyclist crossing requests via display, audio signal, or other manner. 04 Traffic Operations needs to be able to inform pedestrians and micromobility vehicle users of the status of the intersection including the amount of time left for crossing the intersection.
010 The system shall provide safety warnings to pedestrians. 06 Pedestrians need to be informed about potentially hazardous road conditions or vehicles that may pose a danger to them.
011 The system shall provide safety warnings to pedestrians. 06 Pedestrians need to be informed about potentially hazardous road conditions or vehicles that may pose a danger to them.
012 The system shall inform pedestrians and bicyclists of the status of the intersection including the amount of time left for crossing the intersection. 04 Traffic Operations needs to be able to inform pedestrians and micromobility vehicle users of the status of the intersection including the amount of time left for crossing the intersection.
013 The personal traveler interface shall inform travelers about hazardous road conditions. 06 Pedestrians need to be informed about potentially hazardous road conditions or vehicles that may pose a danger to them.
014 The system shall provide safety warnings to MMV operators. 07 MMV Operators need to be informed about potentially hazardous road conditions or vehicles that may pose a danger to them.
015 The system shall collect the current location (latitude, longitude, and elevation) from personal information devices. 01 Traffic Operations needs to be able to provide to connected vehicles an indication that pedestrians or micromobility vehicle users may be crossing or are crossing an intersection in order to reduce the likelihood of the vehicle striking the pedestrian or micromobility users.
03 Traffic Operations needs to be able to provide intersection priority for pedestrians or micromobility vehicle users based upon requests from the pedestrians or micromobility vehicle users.
016 The system shall communicate with approaching vehicles to alert and warn drivers of potential stop sign, red light, and non-motorized user crossing conflicts or violations. 05 The Driver needs to receive warnings or have the vehicle automatically perform control actions relating to pedestrians, and vulnerable road users that are sharing the roadway with the vehicle.
017 The system shall provide safety warnings to MMV operators. 07 MMV Operators need to be informed about potentially hazardous road conditions or vehicles that may pose a danger to them.
018 The system shall collect vehicle path information sent by a vehicle. 02 Traffic Operations needs to be able to warn pedestrians or micromobility vehicle users about crossing status or potential vehicle infringement into the crosswalk in order to allow the pedestrian or micromobility vehicle users to safely cross an intersection.
019 The system shall provide current crossing status including permission to cross, crossing time remaining. 04 Traffic Operations needs to be able to inform pedestrians and micromobility vehicle users of the status of the intersection including the amount of time left for crossing the intersection.
020 The system shall provide the current location (latitude, longitude, and elevation) of the non-motorized travelers. 01 Traffic Operations needs to be able to provide to connected vehicles an indication that pedestrians or micromobility vehicle users may be crossing or are crossing an intersection in order to reduce the likelihood of the vehicle striking the pedestrian or micromobility users.
021 The system shall inform travelers about hazardous road conditions. 06 Pedestrians need to be informed about potentially hazardous road conditions or vehicles that may pose a danger to them.
022 The system shall provide traveler location information to transit vehicles. 02 Traffic Operations needs to be able to warn pedestrians or micromobility vehicle users about crossing status or potential vehicle infringement into the crosswalk in order to allow the pedestrian or micromobility vehicle users to safely cross an intersection.
023 The system shall perform control actions based upon warnings received regarding pedestrians, cyclists, and other non-motorized users that are sharing the roadway with the vehicle 05 The Driver needs to receive warnings or have the vehicle automatically perform control actions relating to pedestrians, and vulnerable road users that are sharing the roadway with the vehicle.
024 The system shall inform MMV operators about hazardous road conditions. 07 MMV Operators need to be informed about potentially hazardous road conditions or vehicles that may pose a danger to them.
025 The system shall exchange location and motion information of the micromobility vehicle to nearby vehicles to warn the micromobility vehicle users of an impending collision. 05 The Driver needs to receive warnings or have the vehicle automatically perform control actions relating to pedestrians, and vulnerable road users that are sharing the roadway with the vehicle.
026 The system shall inform travelers about hazardous road conditions. 06 Pedestrians need to be informed about potentially hazardous road conditions or vehicles that may pose a danger to them.
027 The system shall provide data describing the vehicle's location in three dimensions, heading, speed, acceleration, braking status, and size. 02 Traffic Operations needs to be able to warn pedestrians or micromobility vehicle users about crossing status or potential vehicle infringement into the crosswalk in order to allow the pedestrian or micromobility vehicle users to safely cross an intersection.
028 The system shall receive information from roadway equipment about approaching vehicles to alert and warn micromobility vehicle users of potential stop sign, red light, and non-motorized user crossing conflicts or violations. 05 The Driver needs to receive warnings or have the vehicle automatically perform control actions relating to pedestrians, and vulnerable road users that are sharing the roadway with the vehicle.
029 The system shall exchange location and motion information with roadside equipment and nearby vehicles. 02 Traffic Operations needs to be able to warn pedestrians or micromobility vehicle users about crossing status or potential vehicle infringement into the crosswalk in order to allow the pedestrian or micromobility vehicle users to safely cross an intersection.
030 The system shall provide warnings to the driver based upon information received regarding pedestrians, cyclists, and other non-motorized users that are sharing the roadway with the vehicle. 05 The Driver needs to receive warnings or have the vehicle automatically perform control actions relating to pedestrians, and vulnerable road users that are sharing the roadway with the vehicle.
031 The system shall inform MMV operators about hazardous road conditions. 07 MMV Operators need to be informed about potentially hazardous road conditions or vehicles that may pose a danger to them.
032 The field element shall provide safety warnings to pedestrians. 06 Pedestrians need to be informed about potentially hazardous road conditions or vehicles that may pose a danger to them.
033 The personal traveler interface shall inform MMV operators about hazardous road conditions. 07 MMV Operators need to be informed about potentially hazardous road conditions or vehicles that may pose a danger to them.
034 The field element shall provide safety warnings to MMV operators. 07 MMV Operators need to be informed about potentially hazardous road conditions or vehicles that may pose a danger to them.